MUHARRIKI KIShTI

MUHARRIKI KIShTI ba tarkibi tajhizoti energetikii kishti dokhil meshavad. Muharriki asosii kishti (ki harakatro tamin menamoyad) va yorirason (baroi ba harakat ovardani elektrogeneratorho, nasosho, ven-tilyatorho va gayra) mavjudand. Ba sifati Muharriki kishti muharrikhoi darunsuz (MD), turbinahoi bugi va turbinahoi gaziro istifoda mebarand. Za-khirai kalon, qobiliyati reversironi, istifodai navhoi suzishvorii vaznin, nomahdudiyati massa va andozahoi muharrik az bartariyathoi Muharriki kishti meboshand. Dar kishtiho beshtar dizelhoe istifoda meshavand, ki nisbat ba digar Muharriki kishti samaranoktar meboshand. Dar kishtihoi naqliyoti, sanoati va yorirason dizelhoi surati gardishashon khurd, miyona va kalonro istifoda mebarand. Muharrikhoi darunsuz surati gardishashon khurd hamchun muharriki asosii kishtiho ba hisob meravand, iqtidori agregatii onho ba 2,2—35 MVt, miqdori silindrhoyashon ba 5—12, sarfi khosi bosamari suzishvoriashon ba 210- 21 G» g/ (kiloVat. s), surati gardishashon ba 300—500 gard/daqiqa barobar ast. Muharrikhoi darunsuzi surati gardishashon miyonaro beshtar ba sifati muharriki asosii kishtihoi andozaashon miyona istifoda mebarand, iqtidori onho to 13,2 MVt, miqdori silindrhoyashon 6—20, sarfi khosi bosamari suzishvoriashon 205—210 g/(kiloVat. s), surati gardishashon 300—500 gard/daqiqa meshavand. Muharrikhoi darunsuzi surati gardishashon kalon asosan hamchun muhar-rikhoi kishtihoi khurd, inchunin ba sifati muharrikhoi yorirason istifoda meshavand, iqtidori agregatii onho to 2 MVt, miqdori silindrhoyashon 12—16, sarfi khosi bosamari suzishvoriashon 215—230 g/(kiloVat/s), surati gardishashon ziyoda az 500 gard/daqiqa meshavad. Turbinahoi bugi dar tankerhoi kalon, konteynerkashonho, gazkashonho, inchunin dar kishtihoe, ki dastgohi energetikii yadroi dorand, guzoshta meshavand. Onhoro inchunin ba sifati muharriki yorirason istifoda mebarand. Iqtidori dastgohhoi bugiyu turbivy to 80 MVt, sarfi khosi bosamari suzishvori 260—300 g/(kiloVat / s), surati gardishi turbina 3000—4000 gard/daqiqa meshavad. Turbinahoi gazi beshtar ba sifati muharrikhoi asosii kishtihoi harbi, kishtihoi naqliyotii boldarob va havobolin istifoda meshavand. In khel kishtihoi naqliyotii muharrikashon gazoturbina dar Ittifoqi Respublikahoi Sovetii Sotsialisti Soyuz Sovetskikh Sosialisticheskikh Respublik, Shtathoi Muttahidai Amerika va Avstraliya mavjudand. Dar kishtiho turbinahoi gazii sanoati, ki baroi suzishvorihoi sakht va khizmatrasonii tekhniki dar kishti mutobiq karda shudaand, inchunin turbinahoi gazii aviatsionii reduktordorro istifoda mebarand. Iqtidori dastgohhoi gazoturbinii kishtihoi naqliyoti ba 0,07— 14,5 MVt, sarfi khosi bosamari suzishvoriashon 285—330g/ (kiloVat , s) surati gardishi turbinaashon ba 5000—8000 gard/daqiqa barobar ast. Dar oyanda ba sifati muharrikhoi asosii kishtihoi kalon, paromho, kishtihoi yakhshikan va gayra turbinahoi gazii iqtidorashon ba 6—37 MVt barobar istifoda meshavand.