MONOTIP (az mono… va yun. typos— naqsh), moshini avtomatii darfrezero guyand, ki matni murakkabro ba shakli satrhoi shrifti, ki az literahoi judogona iborat ast, mechinad. Jihati az linotip farqkunandai on ham dar hamin ast. Monoskopro soli 1897 T. Lanston dar ShMA ikhtiro kardaast. Dar SSSR avvalin Monoskop soli 1947 dar zavodi moshinhoi poligrafii Leningrad sokhta shudaast. Monoskop az 2 apparat — apparati klaviatura va apparati darfrez iborat meooshad. Apparati klaviatura baroi peshaki dar navori kogazin sabt kardani matni chidashavanda va inchunin baroi hisob kardani fosilahoi bayni kalimaho khizmat mekunad. Apparati harfrez boshad ba tavri avtomati dar rui navori kogazin satri matnro merezad. Bad az satrkho granka (musavvada) tartib doda meshavad.
Инчунин кобед
SADUDDINI HAMMUI Muhammad ibni Juvayni
SADUDDINI HAMMUI Muhammad ibni Juvayni (soli tavallud nomalum — Vafot 1252), yake az namoyandagoni mashhuri …