KhUTAN

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KhUTAN, yake az qadimtarin shahr va viloyathoi tarikhiyu madanie, ki dar Turkistoni Sharqi voqe bud. Dar ahdi qadim dar Xutan sakoiho mezistand. S. 39 to m. onro Khitoy istilo kard. Asrhoi 1—2 m. dar bayni gunnho (khunnho) va khitoiho muborizahoi shadid surat giriftand va dar natija Xutan az nav sohibikhtiyor shud. Asrhoi 2—7 viloyathoi Turkistoni Sharqi (Khutan, YOrkand, Qoshgar) dar natijai janghoi baynihamdigari va tokhthoi qabilahoi mugulnajod kharob gardidand. Ibt a. 7 Xutan va dig. vilhoi Turkistoni Sharqi boz tobei Khitoy shudand. S. 670 boshad, onhoro tibetiho ba tasarrufi khud darovardand. Dar asrhoi 9—10 Xutan tobei qarluqho va az a. 11 tobei Qarakhoniyon gardid. Asrhoi minbada dar Xutan Chagatoniyon hukmroni kardand. Ibt. a. 15 Xutan zerdast Temuriyon shud. 1759 khitoiho Turkistoni Sharqiro ishgol kardand. S. 1826 aholii Xutan va YOrkand ba muqobili khitoiho shurish bardosht. S. 1827 khitoiho shurishro pakhsh namudand. S 1830 Muhammadali (khoni Khuqand) bo qushuni chilhazorai khud shahrhoi Xutan, Koshgar, Yangihisor, YOrkand va Oksuro zabt kard, vale badi du moh ba sababi tezutund shudani ziddiyatash bo amiri Bvxopo ba Fargona bargasht. Mullo Habibulloh nom ashrofe hokimi Xutan tayin shud.

Shahri Xutan dar du sohili d. Yurunkash voqe bud. Sokinoni Xutan az qadim ba kirmakdori, shohibofi. gallakori (gandum va juvorimakka) mashgul budand. Dar Xutan hunarmandi az jumla bofandagi) rivoj yofta bud. Okh. a. 19 dar Khutan korkhonahoi kaloni qolinbofi, matohoi pakhtagiyu pashmi vujud doshtand. Dar Xutan kalagi, nefrit, zumurrad, yoqut, mumiyo va g. istehsol mekardand.

Xutan va digar shahrhoi Turkistoni Sharqi s. 1884 Sinszyan nom girifta, muzofoti 19-umi Khitoy gardidand.

Ad.: Bartold V. V., Soch.. t. 2, Ch. 2. M., (004. G. Goibov.