GUK

GUK, gukho (Bufonidae), yak oilai obkhokihoi bedumro guyand. G.-ho ziyoda az 1200 namud doshta, dar hamai materikho mavjudand. G.-ho 7 zeroilaro dar bar megirand: G.-hoi avstraliyagi (Criniinae), G.-hoi kuhi (Heleophryninae), G.-hoi janubiamerikoi (Psqudinae), G.-hoi oinador (Rhinophryninae), G.-hoi siparangusht (Elosiinae), G.-hoi hushtakkash (Leptodactylinae) va khudi G.-ho (Vi-fonipae). Jinsi G. (Bufo) qarib 250 namud dorad; dar SSSR 4 namudash hast: G.-i muqarrari, G.-i sabz, G.-i muguli va G.-i qamishzor. G.-i muqarrari (V. bufo) dar beshazor va bogrotu margzori mintaqahoi shimoliyu mutadil zindagi mekunad. Daroziash to 20 sm; ruzona zeri sang, bayni kundai darakhton va g. pinhon meshavad. Gizoyash hasharot, tortanak, lesakho, kirmi loykhurak va g. G.-i muguli (V. raddei) dar Sibiri Sharqi va Sharqi Dur, G.-i qamishzor (V. calamita) dar garbi SSSR zindagi mekunand. G.-i sabz (V. viridis) asosan dar Qrim, Kavkaz va Respublikahoi Osiyoi Miyona (az jumla Tojikioton) maskun ast. Daroziash to 14 sm; asosan dar khushki (Gayr az davrai tukhmguzori) zindagi mekunad. Dar Himoloy dar balandii to 4500 m yoft shudaast. Shomgohon yo shabona faol gashta, gambusk, kana, murcha, kirminai hasharot va g-ro mekhurad. Pusti G.-ho doroi gadudhoi zahrbaror ast, ki yak nav moei talkhmazzayu tezbuy khorij mekunand; moe ba luobpardai hayvonot rasida onro ozurda menamoyad. Az zahri G. jonvaroni khurd nobud meshavand. G.-ho ahamiyatnok buda, hasharoti zararrasoni polizu bogotro nest mekunand.