FONII KAShMIRI Muhammad Muhsin

FONII KAShMIRI Muhammad Muhsin (soli tavallud nomalum — vafot 1670, Kashmir), shoiri forsizaboni Hinduston. Dar zodgohash tarbiya yofta, ilmhoi mamuli on zamon — ilohyyot, fiqh, mantiq, sarfu nahv, tib, adabiyot va gayraro az khud namud. Fonii Kashmiri badi tahsil ba chande az nohiyahoi Hinduston safar kard. Sipas, ba Balkh omada, ba khidmati hukmroni on jo dokhil shud. Badtar boz ba Hinduston bargashta, ba darbori Shohijaon roh yoft va ba mansabi sadorati shahri Ollohobod tain gardid. Vale dertar ba sababe az in vazifa mazul gardida, ba Kashmir bargasht va to okhiri umr ba kori ejodi va talimu tarbiyai adibon pardokht. Muhammadtohir Ganii Kashmiri, Hoji Aslamkhoni Solim (shoironi mashhuri asri 17 Hinduston) shogirdoni Fonii Kashmiri meboshand.
Fonii Kashmiri dar nazm dasti qavi doshta, osori garonbahoe, az jumla chahor masnavi («Nozu Niyoz», «Maykhona», «Masdar-ul-osor», «Haft akhtar») va devoni ashor ba meros guzoshtaast. In masnaviho az «Khamsa»-i notamomi u buda, dar tatabbui «Khamsa»-i Nizomii Ganjavi navishta shudaand.
Masnavii «Nozu Niyoz» (1928 bayt) dar payravii «Khusrav va Shirin»-i Nizomii Ganjavi talif yoftaast. Syujeti doston ba voqeai haqiqii hayoti — ishqi Sayidmuso nom javoni musulmon va hindudukhtar Muhini asos yoftaast.
Masnavii «Maykhona» (1279 bayt) masalahoi gunoguni tasavvufi va falsafiro dar bar megirad. Syujeti muayyane nadorad. Dar chande az bobhoi in masnavi tabiati zeboi Kashmir tavsif shudaast. Shoir musiqi, shodi, ishq, ilmomuziro tarannum namuda, shaykhoni johil va hokimoni zolimro tanqid kardaast. Masnavihoi «Masdar-ul-osor» (2278 bayt) va «Haft akhtar» (1607 bayt) dar tatabui «Makhzan-ul-asror» va «Haft paykar»-i Nizomii Ganjavi talif shudaand. Dar dostoni avval masalahoi tasavvufi va akhloqi mavridi tadqiq qaror giriftaand, syujeti dostoni duyum boshad, ishqist.
Devoni ashori Fonii Kashmiri qasida, qita va gazaliyoti uro (taqriban 360 gazal) dar bar megirad. Fonii Kashmiri dar gazaliyotash ba gayr az mavzuhoi ananavi ba mavzuhoi ruamarra, ae jumla voqeahoi ijtimoi, avj giriftani zulmu istibdod niz dakhl kardaast. Masalan:
Dar jahon nakhli sitamro nest ummedi samar.
Khuni nohaq khushk kard okhir niholi dorro.
Zaboni ashori Fonii Kashmiri soddavu ravon ast. Ba aqidai muallifoni baze sarchashmahoi adabi, Fonii Kashmiri osori mansur niz doshtaast.
Osor: Muntakhabi ashor, Dushanbe. 1986.
A. Alimardonov.