FLEKSIYa

FLEKSIYa (az lotini— khamshavi, guzarish), shakli yoridihandaest, ki ba okhiri resha va yo asosi kalima hamroh shuda, baroi ifodai munosibati sintaksisii onho bo kalimai digar dar ibora va jumla khizmat mequiad. Du navi fleksiya— dokhili va beruni vujud dorad. Dar fleksiyai dokhili shakli kali.maho ba vositai tagyiri ovozhoi asosi kalima digar meshavad. Fleksiya i beruni tavassuti affikshoi shaklsoz ba vujud meoyad. Hamchun istisno, fleksiya na faqat ba sifati affiksi shaklsoz, balki ba sifati affiksi kalimasoz niz namobi meshavad. Chunonchi, anjomai -am dar kalimai khonam na faqat shakhsi yakumu shumorai tanhoi felro, balki zamoni hozirayu oyanda va sigai sharti khohishmandiro ham nishoi medihad. Fleksiya khosi zabonhoi flektivi meboshad. Vay dar zaboni tojiki asosan, dar falhoi tasrifi dida meshavad. Fleksiya dar felhoi tasrifi ba asosi zamoni hozira va ham ba asosi zamoni guzashta hamroh meshavad, masalan: baram, bari, barad — barem, bared, barand, khondam, khondi, khond — khondem, khonded, khondand. Dar zaboni tojiki, bandakjonishin niz chun fleksiya meoyad. Bay ham bo ism va ham bo feli tasrifi istifoda shuda, munosibathon gunoguii grammatikiro ifoda mekunad: hangomi bo ism vasl shudan munosibati sohibiyat (kitobam — kitibamon, kitobat — kitobaton, kitobash — kitobashon) va bo feli tasrifi istifoda shudan munosibati obektivi (guftam — maro guft, guftat—turo guft, guftash—uroguft)- ro ifoda mekunad. Bandakjonishin dar barobari ifoda namudani munosibati sohibiyatu obekti dar ayni zamon shakhsu shumoraro niz nishon medihad.
A. Mirzoev.