FARMAKOTERAPIYa

FARMAKOTERAPIYa (az yunoni rharmacon- takon — doru va …terapiya), bo doru tabobat namudani kasalihoro guyand. Farmakoterapiya imkon medihad, ki muvofiqi holati kasal va andeshai dukhtur ba faoliyati azoi badali bemor tasir rasonda shavad. Farmakoterapiya yakchand nav meshavad. Agar in yo on doru ba sababi bemori tasir kunad, in guna farmakoterapiyaro etiotropi (az yunoni etios — sabab va trpos — tasir) menomand. Agar organizmi odam az gormonfo, vitaminho, namak, mikroelementho va gayra norasoi doshta boshadu bo onho raf karda shavad, chunin usulro farmakoterapiyai tavizi guyand (masalan, yastemoli vitamini B hangomi rakhit). Agar davo ba mekhanizmi paydoish va taraqqiyoti bemori tasir kunad, onro farmakoterapiyai patogenetiki (az patogenez) medonand (masalan, istemoli nitrogliserin hangomi ziqqi dil, adranalin dar vaqti khuruji ziqqi nafas). In yo on nishonai kasali tavassuti doru raf karda shavad, onro farmakoterapiyai alomati yo simptamati menomand (masalan, amidopirin, parasetamol, fenasetin va gayra baroi mutadil shudani harorati balandi badan hangomi tab; kodein, glausin, solutan va gayra baroi orom namudani sulfa va gayra).

Azbaski organizmi kudak yo kuhansol az organizmi odami bolig yo miyonsol farq dorad (masalan, jabbidanu ikhroji moddahoi dorun dar kudakon nazar ba kalonsolon teztar meshavad, kuhansolon nisbat ba javonon ba in yo on doru kamtar toqat mekunand va gayra) farmakoterapiyaro boz ba du soha judo mekunand:
Farmakoterapiya dar pediatriya va farmakoterapiya dar geriatriya.
Farmakoterapiya na hamesha mufid ast. Ba organizmi bemor doru mumkin zarar ham rasonad. Dar natijai istemoli voya (doza)-i az had ziyodi doru ba irtikosi allergi yo zahroludi giriftor shudani mariz mumkin ast. Az hamin sabab baroi khatarnok nabudani farmakoterapiya tashkhisi durusti bemori, dar nazar doshtani khususiyathoi shakhsii har yak bemor, ba meyori farmakopiya muvofiq budani goya va ashkoli adviya, tartibi istemol va hatto sharoiti nigohdoshti doru ahamiyat dorad. Masalan, baroi peshgirii tasiri manfii farmakoterapiya ba janin 4 mohi avvali homiladori umuman istemoli doruhoro tavsiya namekunand.
Farmakoterapiya yake az shokhahoi asosii tibbi qadimi Sharq bud. Oid ba farmakoterapiya dar Avesto, «Kalila va Dimna», asarhoi Buqrot, Jolinus, Rozi va digar malumot yoftan mumkin ast. Hakim va olimi buzurg Abualii Sino dar «Al-Qonun» akhbori chandinasraro dar borai dorushinosi jambast namuda, on chize, ki az tajribai mukammali khudi u bud, ilova namud. Oid ba nabz va farmakoterapiyai kasalihoi dil u risolai alohida («Al-adviyat-ul-qalbiya») navishtaast. «Zakhirai Khorazmshohi»-i Ismoili Jurjoniro ensiklopediyai oid ba farmakoterapiya nomidan mumkin ast. Minbad farmakoterapiya dar osori chunin atibbovu hakimon aks yoftaast: «Asbobu alomot va muolijot»-i Nasiruddini Samarqandi «Tibbi Yusufi», « M adan-u sh-shifo », «Dastur-ul-iloj», «Shifo-ul-alil», «Manofe-ul-inson», «Ehyo-ut-tib», «Makhzan-ul-adviya», «Muhiti azam», «Ijolai nofia» va gayra.
Dukhturoni muosiri soveti dar bobi farmakoterapiya az dasturamalhoi M. D. Mashkovskiy, A. F. Trinus, D. Arnaudov va gayra istifoda mebarand.
Adabiyot: Trinus A. F., Klinicheskaya farmakoterapiya, Kiev, 1978; Arnaudov D., Farmakoterapiya, Moskva 1979; Kapranov V,, Khoshim R., Mudrost vekov, Dushanbe 1981; Mashkovskiy M. D., Lekarstvennie sredstva, Moskva, 1984.
Ya, M. Qobilov.