Amiri Abdulahadkhon

Abdulahadkhon (16. 3, 1859, Karmina – 6.1.1911, hamon jo), amiri hashtum az sulolai Mangitiya, farzandi amir Muzaffar. Abdulahadkhon  soli 1873 dar sinni 14-solagi beki Karmina (hozira shahri Navoii Jumkhurii Uzbekistan) tayin gardid. 15 mayi (27 may) soli 1883 dar marosimi tojguzorii podshohi rus – Aleksandri III ishtirok namud va podshohi Rossiya uro valiahdi takhti saltanati Bukhoro elom kard.

Abdulahadkhon sohibmarifat buda, zaboni forsi- tojikiro khub medonist; ba zabonhoi arabi va rusi niz takallum mekard. 17 noyabri 1885 dar Arki Bukhoro ba takhti amorat nishastani Abdulahadkhon  barguzor gardid. Solhoi avvali hukmroniash amir Abdulahadkhon dar Bukhoro mezist; nisfi sol dar shahr memond; fasli zimiston chand moh ba Shahrisabzu Qarshi meraft, tobiston dar Karmina iqomat mekard. Dar Bukhoro aksaran dar qarorgohi beruni shahriash – Shirbadan mezist.

Abdulahadkhon mardi tahsilkardavu jahondida bud va dar amorati Bu­khoro niyati islohotro dosht, vale ba muqobiliyati shadidi ruhoniyoni darboru atrof duchor shuda, oqibat soli 1897 az Bukhoro ba Karmina raft va to okhiri umr hamon jo mond. Abdulahadkhon bori avval soli 1882 ba Rossiya safar karda, minbad borho ba Moskva va Peterburg raftaast. Soli 1893 pisarash Olimkhonro ba Peterburg burda, soli 1896 dar jashni ba masnadi imperatori nisha­stani Nikolayi II ishtirok namuda, bori okhir qabl az vafotash dar Pe­terburg 25-solagii hukmroniashro bo tantana tajlil kard. Gayri Moskvayu Peterburg Abdulahadkhon ba shahrhoi Kiev, Odessa, Boku, Tiflis, Batumi, Sevastopol, Ekaterinoslav va Bogchasaroy sa­far kardaast.

Dar ahdi Abdulahadkhon istismori khalq avj girifta, dar dokhili amo­rat harakati khalqi toraft purzur gardid. Kalontarini onho shurishi Vose dar Baljuvon bud (1888), ki berahmona pakhsh karda shud. Bo vujudi in dar davrai hukmronii Abdulahadkhon dar hayoti siyosivu ijtimoii Bukhoro baze digarguniho ba amal ovarda shudand: dar zindonho shikanjai toqatfarsoi mahbuson andake sabuk shud; korkardi sanoatii kandanihoi foidanok, az qabili mis, ohan va tillo ogoz meshavad; makhsus baroi sodir namudani ashyoi khom ba Rossiya dar Amudaryo pul sokhta shud; rohi ohani Chorjuy – Samarqand bunyod gardida, simi te­legraf kashida meshavad; tijorat nisbatan ravnaq meyobad.

Abduhadkhon dar sokhtmoni yake az kalontarin masjidhoi Evropa dar shahri Peterburg hissaguzor bud. Abdulahadkhon ba adabiyotu musiqi niz ragbat doshta, bo takhallushoi «Masud» va «Ojiz» sher menavisht; ba musiqii urfii kasbii tojikii «Shashmaqom» tavajjuhi khos doshta, sozi musiqii tanburro khub menavokht. Namunai ashori Abdulahadkhon dar baze bayozho girdovari shuda dar Ganchjinai dastkhathoi In­stituti zabon, adabiyot, sharqshinosi va merosi khattii ba nomi Rudakii AI Jumhurii Tojikiston mahfuz meboshand. Sadri Ziyo dar ruznomai khud namunai sheri Abdulahadkhonro, ki mukhammas bar gazali Kalim buda, sarshor az khasratu nadomat va shikoyat az «dustoni» badkhoh meboshad, ovardaast, ki yak bandash in ast:

To kay zi ahli shikva ba man merasad zabon,

Bigzasht zakhmhoi zabonho az ustukhon,

Gamgin nayam ba dahr man az harfi dushmanon,

Raftam furu ba khok zi sarkubi duston,

Navbat kujo ba sarzanishi dushmanon rasad.

Abdulahadkhon unvoni rusii darborii «general-adyutant» doshta, dar yak vaqt vazifahoi generali qushunhoi savora (kavaleriya), sarkardai (atamani) qushunhoi qazakhoi Terek, sarkardai polki 5-umi qazakhoi Orenburgro ba uhda dosht. Bo chandin ordenhoi Ros­siya, az on jumla ordeni olii Rossiya – «Svyatogo apostola Andreya Pervozvannogo» bo zanjirash (darajai makhsusi in orden baroi musulmonon), inchunin bo ordeni «Toji Itoliyo» (dar. I), ordenhoi faronsavii «Legioni fakhri» va «Salibi kaloni afsari» mukofotonida shudaast.