LOJVARD – Lojvard (ba zaboni russi – lazurit), mineral, tarkibi khimiyaviash (Na, Ca)e [A1 Si04fe (S04, Cl, Sh. Dar sis­temai kubi kristal mebandad. Odatan dar shakli massahoi yaklukhti donadori shingun, kabud, bunafsh, kabudi sabzrang va bazan dar shak­li kristall duchor meshavad. Sakhtiash 5,5—6,0; zichiash 2380—2420 kg/m3. Lojvard dar kontakti jinshoi …

MAKARENKO Anton Semenovich (13.3.1888 sh. Belopolei gub. Kharkovi Ukraina — 1. 4. 1939, Moskva), pedagog va navisanda. Yake az asosgueoroni nazariya va amaliyai pedagogika. Az oilai korgari rohi ohan. Instituti muallimii sh. Poltavaro khatm namud (1917). Faoliyati pedagogiash soli 1905 cap shudaast. Sardori omuznshgohhoi rohi ohani Kryukov (1917— 1918) va …

MAOIZM, («Goyahoi Mao Sze-dun»), jarayoni maydaburjuaziyu millatchigii khilofi marksizm-leninizm, ki solhoi 30 dar Partiyai Kommunistii Khitoy paydo shuda, okhiri solhoi 50 hamchun sistemai aqidahoi mustaqili ideologiyu siyosii ziddi sosializmi ilmi tashakkul yoftaast. Khususiyati Maoizm az on iborat ast, ki talimoti ziddisosialistii «kommunizmi kazarmi» va gegemonizmi buzurgdavlatiro bo iborahoi qalbakii revolyusioniyu …

LIBRETTO – matni adabii asarhoi musiqi-dramavi: opera, operetta, dar guzashta — kantata, oratoriya va ssenariyai balet, meboshad ki az kalimai itoliyovii «libretto» girifta shuda manoyash kitobcha ast. Librettoi opera va balet dar asosi qoidayu qonunhoi dramaturgiya navishta meshavad. Libretto dar shakli sher, bazan nasr, mujaz va muvofiqi qoidayu qonuni musiqi …

MADANIYaTI ZAMONBOBO – madaniyati davrai birinj, ki ba nimai yakumi hazorai 2 to melod mansub ast. Az nomi yodgorii dar nazdikii kuli Zamonbobo voqegashta girifta shudaast. YOdgorihoi Madaniyati Zamonbobo az boshishgoh va qabriston iborat buda, az markazi nohiyai Qarokuli viloyati Bukhoro 15 kilometr dar samti shimolu garbi voqe gardidaast. Madaniyati Zamonbobo …

LOS ANJELES (Los Angeles), shahrest dar iyoloti Kaliforniyai IMA, duyumin bandari kalon dar sorili Uqyonusi Orom. Az Sharq va Garbi qatorakuhhoi San — Gabriel, Sakga-Monika, Santa-Ana ihota kardaand. Los Anjeles iborat az 80 nohiya buda masohati hammai onho barobari 1301,97 km². Aholiii Los-Anjeles 3,98 mln. bo atrofash (Los Anjeles) beshtar az …

LITORAL – kalimai lotini «liloralis» buda manoyash sohil ast. Zonai ekologii qari nazdi sohili bahr, ki hangomi madd zeri ob monda, hangomi jazr khushk meshavad. Dar yak shabonaruz du marotiba zeri ob memonad va khushk megardad. Yak qator olimoni khoriji tamomi qari bahrro to chuqurii 200 metr, bazei digarashon to …

LITOSFERA – iborai lotini buda az kalimai «lito» va «sfera» girifta shudaast, ki manoyash tabaqai boloii tahti Zamin meboshad. Litosfera qishri Zamin, qabati boloii mantiya (substrat)-ro darbar migirad. Litosferaro to solhoi 1960-um, hamchun sinoinmi qishri Zamin medonistand. Chuqurii Litosfera taqriban to 60 kilometr az sathi bahr meboshad.

LUR – in: Asbobi musiqii nafasii qadima, ki az birinji sokhta meshud. Ba asri birinji mansub ast. Dar okhiri asri 19 va ibtidoi asri 20 hangomi koftukovi arkheologi dar sohili garbii Baltika beshtar az 30 namunai on dastras shudaast. Shaklash tobkhurda (amsoli harfi lotinii S), sarkhonaash kosamonand. Andoza va tarhi …

LITOFITHO – (yaz kalimai yunonii «Litos» yane sang va kalimai «Fiton» yane  rastani girifta shudaast) – in yak namudi potrofitho yo rastanihoe, ki dar sangu kharsangho, shokhhoi darakht yo joyhoi kafidai onho mesabzida meboshad. Litofitho jinshoi kuhiro vayron karda, baroi numui rastaniho zamina tayyor mekunand. Odatan kharsang avval bakteriyayu obsabz, …