TEKhNESIY

TEKhNESIY (lotini Teshnetium, az yunoni technetos — suni), Ts, elementi khimiyavii radioaktiv az guruhi VII sistemai davrii Mendeleev; raqami atomi 43, massai atomi 98,9062. Tekhnesiy yake az elementhoest, ki mavjudiyati onro hanuz pesh az kashf shudanash D. I. Mendeleev asri 19 peshgui karda bud. Dar tabiat ba miqdori kam (10-10g dar 1 ton madani uran) yoft meshavad Tekhnesiyro soli 1937 olimoni itoliyovi E. Segre va K. Perre hangomi bodeytroyaho (yadrohoi vaznini gidrogen) bombaboron namudani yadrohoi molibden ba tavri masnu hosil namudand va on nomi «tekhnesiy» (suni)-ro girift. Tekhnesiy izotopi sobit nadorad. Muhimtarin izotophoyash 99Ts (T1/2 = 2,12.10-5 sok) va 99mTs (T1/2 = 6,04 soat) meboshand.

Tekhnesiy metalli chakushkhur va yozandai khokistarrang ast; t gud. 2200±500S, t jush. 4700°S, zichiash 11500 kg/m3.
Dar harorati 11,2°K ba favqunnoqil tabdil meyobad. Faoliyati khimiyavii Tekhnesiy ba mangan va reniy khele nazdik ast. Darajai oksidshaviash az —1 to +7 tagyir mebbad. Bo oksigen oksidhoi TS2O7 va TsO2, bo khlor va ftor galogenidhoi 4—5 va 6-valenta, bo sulfur sulfidhoi Ts2S7 va TsS7 hosil mekunad. Kislotai NTs04 (mahluli gulobi) va namakhoi MTs04 (M = Na, K, NH4 va GAYRA). payvasthoi organikii Tekhnesiy niz malumand. Komplekshoi — S5N5Ts(.SO)3 va GAYRAI Tekhnesiy ahamiyati kaloni ilmi va amali dorand. Asosan az partovhoi sanoati atomi dar shakli payvastho hosil mekunand. Tekhnesiy oksidkunandai nihoyat qavi va ingibitori korroziyai metallho buda, baroi sokhtanya masolehi konstruksioni istifoda meshavad. Izotopi 99mTs dar tib baroi muolijai bemorihoi jigar va gadudho ba kor meravad. Onro ba sifati katalizator va favqunnoqil niz istifoda mebarand. Binobar elementi radioaktiv budanash hangomi bo on sarukor doshtan qoidahoi bekhatariro rioya boyad kard.
Adabiyot: M. Grin, Metalloorganicheskie soedineniya perekhodnikh elementom, Moskva, 1072; Proizvodstvo izotopov, Mostkva. 1973; A. G. Kulman, Obshaya khimiya, Moskva, 1979. G. Idrisov.