ShAHRISTONI Abulfath Muhammad ibni Abdulkarim

ShAHRISTONI Abulfath Muhammad ibni Abdulkarim (1086, Shahristoni Khuroson —1153, hamon jo), muarrikhi mashhuri dinu falsafai Ajam. Ayyomi kudakiro dar zodgohash guzaronida, badtar baroi tahsil ba Nishopur va  Jurjon raftaast. Ilmhoi zamonaro az ustodoni davrash omukhta, dar madrasai «Nizomiya»-i Bagdod se sol ba kori talim mashgul shudaast. Badi bozgasht ba Shahriston ba navishtani asarhoyash pardokhtaast. U ziyoda az 20 asar talif kardaast. Aksari onho to zamoni mo rasidaand. Muhimtaranashon «Musoriat-ul-falosifa», «Nihoyat-ul-iqdom fi ilm-il-kalom», «Mafoteh-ul-asror», «Al-milal va-n-nihal» meboshand.

Mavzui asosii ejodiyoti Shahristoniro masalahoi ilohiyoti islom tashkil medihand. Aqidahoi diniyu siyosii Shahristoniro ba yak jarayoni mamuli davr nisbat dodan amri muhol ast, zero u dar baze asarhoyash ashariyaro tarafdori karda, dar bazei digarash ismoiliyaro targib namudaast. Vale dar muqaddimai «Al-milal va-n-nidal» u khudro faqeh va mutakallimi ajami nomidaast.

Agar baze norasoihoi juzii ejodiyoti Shahristoniro sarfi nazar kunem, guftan mumkin ast, ki u mohiyati tarikhi falsafaro dar asarhoyash az muobrizai materializm (moddiyon) va idealizm (ilohiyon) iborat medonad. Shahristoni az rui metodi muayyan tarikhi falsafai jahonro bo paydarhamii khose nigoshtaast. U dar bayoni haqiqati tarikhi amiqnazarona munosibat karda, naqshi onhoro dar tarikhi afkori manavi ba tavri obektivi muayyan namudaast. Shahristoni dar barqaror namudani asoshoi ilmi tarikhi falsafa korero ba su-but rasondaast, ki dusad sol bad Ibni. Haldun dar sohai falsafai tarikh anjom  dod.

K. Bekov.