ROMUZ

ROMUZ, dalfin, dulfin, delfin (Dolphininae), yak vav shirkhurhoi bahriro guyand, ki az jumlai kithoi dandondor medonand. Darozii tanashon 1,2—10 m. Aksar Romuz dar takhtapusht boli shinovari dorand. Fukashon borik va dandonashon khele bisyor (ziyoda az 70) ast. Sistemai asabi markazii Romuz nagz inkishof yoftaast; nimkurahoi magzi sarashon kalon ast (dar qishri on to 30 mlrd hujayrahoi asab hast). Binobar in Romuz akhbori bisyorero qabulu tahlil va misli tuti bisyor kalimahoro takror karda metavonad. Azbaski Romuzho ba osoni rom meshavand, onhoro dar okeanariumho va delfinariyho nigoh doshta, chun hayvoni laboratori va sirk istifoda mebarand. Alhol olimon oid ba khonagi kardani baze namudhoi Romuz tadqiqot mebarand.

Romuzho jonvaroni tezshinokunandaand (surati harakatashon to 50 km/soat). Aksaran gala-gala shuda zidagi mekunand. Modi, narmbadanhoi sarpoi va bazan kharchang- shaklhoro mekhurand. Badi 10-12 mohi davrai homila yak bacha mezoyand, ki on dar 3—5-solagi ba balogat merasad. Romuzho 30—50 sol umr mebinand. Dar olam 48 namudi Romuz (az 20 chine) va dar bahrhoi SSSR 15 namudashon (az 12 jins) malumand. Dar bahri Siyoh 3 namudashon hast. Ta¬komuli gidrodinamii shakli badan, sokht va khususiyathoi pust, qobiliyati to ba chuqurihoi ziyod guta zadan va biseyor digar khususiyathoi Romuz ba¬roi bionika ahamiyat dorand. Yak ka¬tor khususiyathoi sistemai nafaskashi va gardishi khuni Romuzho (afzun budani mioglobin, muddati daroz nigoh doshtani nafaskashii beruna, nohassosii markazi nafaskashi ba barziyodii gazi karbonat dar khun, sust shudani nabz va az nav taqsimshavii jarayoni khun dar vaqti ba ob guta zadan, mubodilai obu namak va gayra) az nazari fiziologiya va tib jolibi diqqatand. Dar ayni zamon Romuzhoro hamatarafa meomuzand. Dar khorija Romizhoro ba maqsadhoi harbi (yoftani joyhoi minador, kishtihoi garqshuda, inchunin oshkor kardani kishtihoi zeriobi va gayra) niz isti¬foda mebarand, Gusht va ravgani baze namudi Romuzro dar Yaponiya va jazirai Solomon mekhurand. Dar SSSR az soli 1966 shikori Romuz man ast.