Neptunizm

Neptunizm (az lot. Neptunus — Neptun, nomi khudoi bahru ob dar asotiri rimiyon), talimotest, ki okhiri asri 18 — avvali asri 19 dar ilmi geologiya hukmfarmo bud va muvofiqi in talimot guyo tamomi jinshoi kuhi (az jumla jinshoi fishonda: bazalt, granit va gayra) dar muhiti ob bo rohi tahshiyashavi e ki kristallbandi hosil shudaand. Tarafdoroni mashhuri N. A. G. Verner (Germaniya), A. De­lyuk (Fransiya), R. Kirvan (Britaniyai Kabir) budand. Neptuniston jinshoi kuhiro ba du guruh; n a kh u s t i n (granitu gneysho, varaqsanghoi kristalli, inchunin jinshoi digari fishonda va metamorfi) va qabatqabat (ohaksang, gach, namaksang va uayra) taqsim mekardand.

Ba pindoshti tarafdoroni Neptunizm baro­bari ba vujud omadani jinshoi qabat-qabat tamomi relefi rui Zamin paydo shuda, to ayyomi mo be­tagyir mondaast. Tarafdoroni nep­tunizm harakathoi tektonikiero, ki dar haqiqat boisi tagyir yoftani relef meshavand, inkor mekardand. Onho inchunin ba aqidan durusti tarafdoroni plutonizm dar borai on, ki jinshoi kukhii intruzivi az khunukshavii magma ba vujud meoyand, tamoman zid baromadand. Dar solhoi 20-um i asri 19, vaqte ki paydoishi vulkoni doshtani bazalt isbot gardid va oid ba jinshoi fishondayu tahshini tasavvuroti ilmi hosil shud, Neptuniszm ahamiyati khudro gum kard.