ChUYaN

ChUYaN, khulai omekhtai ohanu karbonro guyand, ki dar tarkibash mangan (to 1,5%), silisiy (to 4,5%), sulfur (to 0,08%), fosfor (to 1,8%) va dig. elementhoi khimiyavi dorad, Chuyan mahsuloti asosii metallurgiyai siyoh meboshad. Khosiyati khubi rekhtagari va mustahkamii Chuyan ba istifodai vasei on dar moshinsozi musoidat mekunad. Holo qarib 70%-i qismhoi moshinho (az massai umumii Chuyani rekhtashuda)-ro az Chuyan tayyor mekunand.

Chuyan khokistarrang, safed, haddodii alosifat, legiroi va g. meshavad. Chuyani khokistarrang (dar tarkibash karbon dar shakli grafit mavjud ast) dar moshinsozi, tekhnikai sanitari, konstruksiyahoi binokori va g. vase istifoda shuda, az rui baze khususiyathoi konstruksioniash az pulod bartari dorad. Chuyani safed khulaest, ki dar on karbon dar holati payvastagi dar shakli karbidi ohan (sementit) yo karbidhoi makhsus mavjud ast. Binobar murt budanu khosiyati pasti mekhaniki doshtanash Chuyani safedro dar moshinsozi ham istifoda mebarand.

Chuyani haddodiro az Chuyani safed hosil mekunand, ki on nisbat ba pulod khosiyati dempfirii khub dorad. Chuyani- haddodi asosan dar avtomobilsozi, traktorsozi va sokhtani moshinhoi khojagii qishloq istifoda meshavad. Chuyani alosifat nisbatan sakht buda, onro dar natijai modifikasiyai Chuyani moe (bo ilova namudani Mg, Se, Sa va g.) ba dast medarorand. Baroi istehsoli zonunavard, charkhi dandonador, shatun, mufta, puli aqibi avtomobil va g. istifoda meshavad. Chuyani legironi dar tarkibash gayr az komponenthoi muqarrari, ilovahoi makhsus Sg, Ni, Mo, V, Ti, Al, Cu va g. niz dorad, ki onho hosilti garmibardori, magnitnoknashavi, korroziyaustuvori va dig. khosiyati Chuyanro mustahkam mekunand. Chuyani legironi vobasta ba khosiyati khimiyaviash gunogun (khromdor, nikeldor, alyuminiydor va g.) meshavad. Chuyan tamgahoi gunogun dorad, ki bo harfu raqam ishora meshavad.