TEMURMALIK

TEMURMALIK (soli tavallud va vafot nomalum), hokimi Khujand dar zamoni hukmronii Khorazmshohiyon dar NIMMAI AVVALI asri 13, lashkarkashi tojik. Temurmalik az hujumi mugulho ba Movarounnahr panoh shuda, az pai tashkili mudofiai vatan aftod. Dar natija istilogaron ba daruntari mamlakat daromada natavanistand.

Khujand qalai qadimi mustahkame doshta boshad ham, bo odami kam ba muqobili mugulho muddati daroz istodagari karda nametavonist. Bnnobar in Temurmalik dar jazirae, ki dar miyonai daryoi Sir voqe bud, qalai mustahkame bino kard. In qala az sangi manjaniq (az in asbob Chingiziyon ham ba khubi istifoda burdaand) va otashi naft dar amon bud. Temurmalik dar qala ozuqa va asliharo niz zakhira kard. 12 kishtii bodboni sokht va ba aholii nahr kori harbi omukht. Chingizkhon tiramohi soli 1219 bo lashkari dusadhazora ba khoki davlati Khorazmshohiyon hujum ovard. U qushunashro ba se taqsim karda, yak guruhi onro bo sardorii pisarash Chagatoy baroi zabt kardani Khujand firistod. Mugulho bo 20 hazor askar va 50 hazor asironi khud bar ziddi jangovaroii Temurmalik hujum sar kardand. Dar marhalai yakumi mudofiai Khujand harbuzarb dar sohili rosti daryo bo amaliyoti faolonai Temurmalik meguzasht. Temurmalik ba mugulho imkon nadod, ki az sang obband sokhta az dar Sir guzarandu shahr va qalaro ishgol kunand. Vale marhalai duyumi mudofiai shahr bebaror shud: qisme az lashkari mugul ba sohili chapi daryo guzasht va az khoinii ashofi shahr (savdogaron, ruhoniyon va gayra), ki shabona darvozai shahrro ba dushman boz karda budand, istifoda burd. Qalai shahr badi janghoi shadidi kuchagi ba dasti dushman aftod. Istilogaron shahrro gorat va aholii onro qir kardand. Temurmalik bo askaronash muhoribaro davom dod. Badi kam mondani zakhirai ozuqa va yaroq sipohiyoni Temurmalik ba kishtiho savor shuda, ba tarafi Urganj ravona shudand. Savoragoni mugul askaroni Temurmalikro taqibkunon az du tarafi sohili daryoi Sir ba sui onho tirparoni kardand. Nihoyat, mugulho peshi harakati kishtihoro bo zanjiri ohanin bastand, vale jangovaroni Temurmalik zanjirro pora namuda, ba pesh harakat kardand, Oqibat, askaroni Temurmalik bo mugulho ru ba ru omadand va jangi tan ba tan sar shud, Pas az talafoti ziyod Temurmalik. bo yak guruhi khurdi jangovaroii khud ba Khorazm omad, ki on jo boqimondahon lashkari dar janlhoi digar shikastkhurdai Muhammadi Khorazmshoh jam omada budand. Temurmalik askaroni qobili jangro gird ovarda, muborizaro ba muqobili istilogaroni mugul davom dod va shahri Urganjro dalerona muhofizat kard. Temurmalik ba dushman yakchand marotiba zarbahoi sakht zada shahri Yangikentro az dasti mugulho ozod kard. Sipas bo askaroni khud ba qushuni pisari Muhammad Khorazmshoh Jaloluddii hamroh shuda, dar Khuroson va Afgoniston ba mugulho muqobilat nishon dod. Dertar Temurmalik az tarafi mugulho kushta shud. Chunon ki S. Ayni dar ocherki tarikhii khud «Qahramoni khalqi tojik Temurmalik» menavisad, az miyonbandi Temurmalik khaltachae yoftaand, ki dar on yak kaf khok va yak porcha kogaz bud, ki dar on chunin navishta shuda bud: «Ey on ki murdai man ba dastat meaftad, agar nekkhohi odamon va vatandust boshi, maro bo in yak kaf khok guron, ki in yodgorii vatani azizi mai ast!»
Adabiyot: Bartold V. V., Sochinenie, tom 1, Moskva, 1963; Ayni S., Qahramoni khalki tochik Temurmalik, Kuliyot, jildi 5, Dushanbe, 1963; Gafurov B. G., Tojikon. Tarikhi qadimtarin, qadim va asri miyona, kitobi avval, Dushanbe, 1983. N. Nematov.