TARChUMAI HOL

TARChUMAI HOL, 1) yak janri nasri badeiro guyand, ki ba yoddosht qarobat dorad. Agar kase tarjumai holashro khudash navisad, avtobiografiya, agar yagon shakhs tarjumai holi kasi digarro navisad, biografiya menomand. Tarjumai hol dar asosi muhimtarin lahzahoi hayotl khodimoni mashhuri ilmu madaniyat tartib yofta, bo ruydodhoii ijtimoii zamon aloqamand meshavad. Tarjumai holi shakhsoii buzurg tarikhan yakrang nest. Dar davrahoi qadim dar Yunon, Rim, Khitoy, Hindustoi tarjumai hol bo khayolotu yoddoshtho payvand meyoft. Dar asrhoi miyona dar Evropa Tarjumai hol khususiyati dini paydo kard. Dar davrai Ehyo dar Tarjumai hol fardiyati shakhsoni tarikhi ravshan namudor shud. Dar davrai maorifparvari va badtar Tarjumai hol ruhi hayoti va tanqidi girift.

Tarjumai hol shaklhoi gunogun dorad: akademi, ommavi, badei, akhloqi va gayra. Tarjumai holi saramadoni buzurgi ilmu adabiyot, shakhsoni tarikhii khalqi tojik dar tazkiravu risolaho, lugatu farhangho, asarhoi tarikhi, yoddoshtho, khotiraho, asarhoi badei, dar merosi ilmiyu adabii khudi olimon, adibon, sanatkoron, muarrikhoi va gayra ba nazar marasad, ki misoli ravshani in «Risolai sarguzasht»-i Ibni Sino, osori Tabari, Khondamir, Muhammadi Avfi, Nizomii Aruzi, Davlatshohi Samarqandi, Jomi, Atoullohi Husaini, Koshifi, Nosiri Khisrav, Sadi, Vosifi va digaron meboshad. Namunahoi Tarjumai holi sokhtaro dar chandin qissaho oid ba avliyoho va dar «Abumuslimnoma», «Tuzukoti Timuri» barin asarho didan mumkin ast. Dar adabiyoti sovetii tojik taqriban hamai shaklhoi Tarjumai hol mushohida meshavad. «Mukhtasari tarjumai holi khudi»-i S. Ayni, «Sarguzashti man»-i A. Lohuti asarhoi tarjumai holi ba shumor meravand. Asarhoi sanat, adabiyot, tarikh va gayra bazan. khususiyati tarjumaiholi dorand. Shoironu navisandagon dar asarhoi gayritarjumaiholi niz baze unsurhoi Tarjumai holro joy medihatad, ki bo istilohi avtobiografizm nom burda meshavand; 2) bayoni mukhtasari khronologivu hujjatii voqeoti zin dagiro niz tarjumai hol meguyand.
S. Tabarov.