TARBUZ

TARBUZ (Gitrulus), yak jinsi rastanihoi polezist (az oilai kaduiho). Palakash daroz, sershokh, bargash soparra, gulash qifshakli zard, odatan, judogona. Samaraash mudavvar yo darozruya, pustash sabz, sabai siyohtob (guldor yo begul). Magzash gulobi, surkh, bazan safed va zard, serobu shirin. Navhoi tarbuz vobasta ba mahalli kisht va tarzi parvargashaz 6,37% to 11% qand, 10 mg% vitamgani S, 0,9—1,2 mg% provgatamgani A (karotshn), qarib 1% pektin dorand. Dar dunyo 5 namudi tarbuz meruyad. Holo 2 namudi tarbuz — S. Aedlis (khuroki) va S. solohynthoides (Tarbuzi molro mekorand. Tarbuzro asosan taru toza istemol mekunavd. Dar qannodi niz istifoda meshavad.

Tarbuz rastanii ba kamobi tobovar ast. Onro ham dar zamini obi va ham lalmi (viloyati Kulob, nohiyahoi vodii Vakhshu Hisor) meparvarand. Zaminro tiramoh shudgor namuda, bahor pesh az kisht sikhmola va kultivasiya mekunand. Dar miyona yo okhirhoi aprel (dar zaminhoi lalmi okhirhoi may) kisht menamoyand. Meyori kisht ba har ga—3,5—4 kg. Chuqurii kisht—6—8 sm. Donai tarbuz badi yak qadar garm shudani havo (14—16°S) nesh mezanad. Davrai nashvi tarbuz (yuegetasiya)— 65—420 ruz.
Dar Tojikiston navhoi tarbuzi mahallii alopuchoq. siyohpuchoqi Vakhsh, haitqaro, quziboy va gayra mamuland, Tarbuzro asosan dar rayonhoi Kolkhozobod, Shahrtuz, Panj, Farkhor, Dangara, Tursunzoda, Hisor, Khujand, Nov va Proletar meparvarand. Dar respublika ba 7—7,5 hazor ga (70% kishti ziroati polezi) tarbuz mekorand. Navhoi nomburdai tarbuz kalon, serobu shirinand. Az khar ga zaminhoi lalmi 150—200 s, obi to 470 s hosil megundorand . Z.P. Kozlova.