Shahri Orenburg

Orenburg (az 1938 to 1957 — Chkalov), shahr, markazi viloyati Orenburgi Respublikai Sovetii Federativii Sotsialistii Rossiya. Dar sohili daryoi Ural voqe ast. Uzeli rohi ohan Aholiash 459 hazor nafar (1979).

Sohahoi asosii sanoat: moshinsozi va korkardi me­tall — istehsoli dastgohu asbobho (zavodhoi «Metallist», «Gidropress», asbobsozi, dastgohsozi), tajhizoti parmakuni va qismhoi ehtiyotii traktoru kombaynho, moshinhoi sanoati khurokvori, tajhizoti elektro­mekhaniki va qismhoi yakhdon; khurokvori, zavodhoi ord, yarma, khuroki omekhtai chorvo, ravgani rastani, kombinati gusht; sabuk — fabrikahoi charmu poyafzol, duzandagiyu trikotaj, kombinati shohibofi va kombinathoi ruymolhoi tibitii mashhuri Orenburg.

Inchunin korkhonahoi tamiri mekhanizmho, zavodhoi masolehi rezini, ravgani neft va korkhonahoi istehsoli masolehi binokori mavjudand. Instituthoi politekhniki, khojagii qishloq, tibbi, pedagogi, 15 maktabi miyonai makhsus, az jumla tekhnikumhoi dastgohsozi, naqliyoti rohi ohan va avtomobili, kooperativi va gayra, teatrhoi drama, mazhakai musiqi va lukhtak, filarmoniya, muzeyhoi kishvarshinosi va sanati tasviri dorad. YOdgorihoi memoriash: mehmonkhona            (1749—54), korvonsaroy (1836-42).

Orenburg soli1735 hamchun qala dar joi hozirai shahri Orsk ba vujud omada bud (dar nazdikii rezishgohi daryoi Or). Soli 1743 ba joi hoziraash kuchonda shud. Dar davrai hukumati podshohi Orenburg badargagoh hisob meshud. Mokhi marti 1905 dar Orenburg avvalin guruhi RSDRP tashkil yoft. Avvali marti 1917 Soveti deputathoi korgaron va soldatho ba vujud omad.

Shabi 15(28) noyabri 1917 hokimiyat dar Orenburg ba dasti ataman A. I. Dutov guzasht. 22 yanvari 1919 shahr az tarafi qismhoi Ar­miyai Surkh ozod karda shud. 4 oktyabri 1920 dar Orenburg Sezdi muassisoni Sovethoi kishvari Qirgiziston barpo gardid, ki on Respublikai Avtonomii Sovetii Sotsialistii  Qirgiziston (holo Respublikai Sovetii Sotsialistii  Qirgiziston) – ro tashkil kard. Solhoi 1920—25 Orenburg poytakhti Respublikai Avtonomii Sovetii Sotsialistii  Qirgiziston, az soli 1934 markazi viloyati Orenburgi Respublikai Sovetii Federativii Sotsialistii Rossiya.