SURINAM

SURINAM (surinam), Respublikai Surinam, davlatest dar shimolu sharqi Amerikai Janubi. Masohatash 163 hazor km². Aholiash 393 hazor nafar. (1983); asosan hinduho va kreolho. Zaboni rasmi — gollandi. Dinashon hinduiya, masehiya, islom. Poytakht va bandari asosiash Paramaribo. Sardori dasvlat — prezident. Organi olii qonunbaror — Majlisi qonunbaror (Shtatho). Qismi ziyodi mamlakat dar shimolu sharqi pahnkuhi Gviana (balandiash to1280 m) joygir shudaast, nohiyahoi shimolash pasti. Iqlim subekvatorist. Harorati miyonai mohona 26—28°S, borishoti solona 2300—3000 mm. Taqriban 90% hududashro beshahoi hameshasabz faro giriftaand. Dar qadim aholii Surinam hinduhoi amerikoi bud. Az asri 17 mustamlikai Niderland (Gvianai Niderland). Soli 1954 sohibmukhtor va az soli 1975 davlati mustaqil shud. Bo SSSR aloqai diplomati (az 1975) dorad. Asosi iqtisodiyotash istikhroji boksit (328,3 hazor t, 1982) ast, ki on dar ikhtiyori shirkathoi Niderland va Shtathoi Muttahidai Amerika meboshad. Korkhonahoi istikhroji tillo, istehsoli gilzamin (1055 hazor ton, 1982), alyuminiy vakorkardi mahsuloti khojagii qishloq niz mavjudand. Asosan sholi, nayshakar, rastanihoi sitrusi, banan mekorand. Yak qismi aholi bo darakhtburiyu chubkori va shikori krevetka (kharchangi bahri) mashgul ast. Tuli rohhoi avtomobilgard—2,5 hazor km1984). Ba Shtathoi Muttahidai Amerika va mamlakathoi azoi «Bozori umumi» boksit, gilzamin, alyuminiy mebarorad. Vohidi pul — guldeni surinami.