ShIKOR

ShIKOR, sayd, saydi hayvonoti vahshi va parrandahoro guyand. Yake az qadimtarin sohahoi faoliyati istehsolii inson ast. sh. dar ibtido (davrai avvali paleolit) khususiyati kolektivi dosht. Sang, tabari sangin, gurz, nayza, dertar kord, tur va g. oloti Sh. budand. Dar davrai mezolit ikhtiro shudani tiru kamon baroi inkishofi Sh. takoni buzurge gardid. Odamoni ibtidoi az davrai neolit baroi Sh. sag, muluh, asp, murgoni shikoriro istifoda meburdagi shudand.

Holo baroi Sh. asosan tufanghoi shikori va domhoi chubin, filizin, tur va g., bazan hayvonho (saghoi tozi, yuz), murghoi shikori (lochii, shohin, uqob, burgut, boz) -ro istifoda mekunand. Baroi jalb namudani sayd ba shikorgoh muluh (gusht, mohi, chormagz, meva, moddahoi khushbuy va g.)-po ba kor mebarand. Sh. sanoati, sportiyu havaskori va ilmi meshavad.

Dar SSSR baroi inkishofn hamatarafai Sh. (bo istifodai oqilonai tabiat) imkonhoi kalon faroham ovarda shudaand (nig. Khojagii shikor), Dar masohati vase ziyoda az 100 namudi hayvoni muinador, 20 namudi hayvoni sumdori vahshi (saydak, shohgavazn, ohui kholdor va gavazni shimoli, turi kavkazi va dogistoni, nakhchir. arkhar va g.), besh az 150 namudi murgi shikorbob maskunand. Mahsuloti asosii Sh. muina meboshad, ki az rui istehsoli on SSSR dar jahon joi avvalro megirad.

Parrondan yo doshtani sayd dar SSSR az rui qonuni qarorhoi davlati va hujjathoe, ki ba istifodai oqilona, muhofizat va tajdidi zakhirai hayvonoti vahshii foidanok ravona shudaand, ba tartib andokhta meshavad. Dar respublikahoi ittifoqi (gayr az RSFSR) qoidai yagonai Sh.amal mekunad. Bileti shikorchiyoni SSSR hujjati yakkhelaest, ki onro idorai khojagihoi shikor va jamiyathoi shikorchiyon medihand va sohibi on ba shikori saydhoi gunogun huquq dorad.

Muvofiqi ustav har yak shakhs az sinni 18-solagi metavonad azoi in jamiyat shavad. Maqsadi asosii jamiyat afzun gardondanu muhofizat namudani hayvonotu parrandagoni mamnugohu shikorgohho meboshad. Jamiyat holo beshtar az 10 haz. naf. azo dorad va on 11 khojagii shikor (346, 833 ga)-ro dar bar megirad, Dar khojagihoi shikor har sol miqdori hayvonotu parrandahoro ba hisob megirand. Dar Tojikiston asosan gurg (tamomi sol), ruboh (1 noyab.— 15 fevr.), shagol (tamomi sol), guroz (15 sent.—31 dek.), zargush (1 noyab. 31 dek-.), nakhchir (15 sent.—31 dek.), kabk (1 okt.—15 fevr.), bedona (1 okt.—45 fevr.), kabutari vahshi (1 sent.—31 dek.), murgobi (1 okt.— 15 yanv.’), qashqaldoq (15 sent.—-13 dek.) Sh. karda meshavad.

Khirs, sherpalang (irbis), kholgul, gurm, morkhur, arkhar, murgi hilol, tazarv, gozi kuhi va baze dig.-ro, ki dar «Kitobi surkhi RSS Tojikiston» qayd shudaand, sayd kardan man ast.

A. Valiev.