ShALGAMChA

ShALGAMChA (Raphanus sativus var. raducula), yak nav sabzavot, shalgammonandro guyand; giyohi yak yo dusolaest az oilai chillikgulho. Shalgamchai yaksola (navhoi evropoi) soli kisht bekh va tukhm mebandad va dusola (navhoi khitoi, yaponi — navhoi tiramohi) soli kisht bekh basta, soli digar gul mekunad. Bekhmevai navdai Shalgamcha gunogunshakl (shalgammonand, lunda, zugutashakl, darozruya va g.) va gunogunrang (safed, surkh, zard, bunafsh, gulobi) meshavad.

Dar SSSR asosan navhoi evropoii Shalgamcharo meparvarand. Shalgamchai khudruy malum nest. Ehtimol, az navi ba khudash nazdiki R. maritl-mus, ki 5 haz. sol pesh dar sohnli b. Miyonazamin meparvaridand, paydo shuda boshad. Muvofiqi malumoti Gerodot shalgamcha, piyoz va sir khuroki memoroni ahromi Kheops (2900 sol to m.) budaast. Dar SSSR Shalgamcharo az nohiyahoi shimol to janub, makhsusan dar nazdikii shahrhoi kalon va markazhoi sanoati parvarish mekunand. Az har ga to 200 s hosil megundorand.

Shalgamcha zabzavoti mamul ast. Onro taru toza istemol mekunand va bargi navrasashro chun khurish istifoda mebarand. Shalgamcha 3,2% qandu ohar, qarib 1% safeda, vitamini S (to 30 mg%), V/, va karotin dorad.

Ad.: Vekhov V. N.. Gubanov I. A., Lebedeva G. F., Kulturnie rasteniya SSSR. M,.1978.