ROZAK

ROZAK, hamel, hamel (Humulus lupulus), giyohi bisyorsolai pechonest az oilai tutiho. Poyaash
boriki chor yo shashqirrai serkhor, tezsabz va ba rastanihoi digar pechida bolo mebaroyad (daroziash ba7 m merasad).

Bargash dumchadarozi yaklukht yo 3—5-parrai dilshakl, dandonador. Gulhoi narima da khushai tugshakl va modina dar khushai sarakmonand joygir shudaand; gulash maydai sabzi zardtob. Pozaki khudruy dar bisyor nohiyahoi Evrosiyo mesabzad. Dar Evropa mazru shudaast. Chand navho dorad. Rozakparvari makhsusan dar IMA, RFG, Chekhoslovakiya, Yugoslaviya taraqqi kardaast. Dar SSSR (Ukraina, Povoljiya, Oltoy va gayra) sole ba 15 hazor ga Rozak mekorand va az har ga 10—18 s (bazan to 22 s) hosil megundorand. Rozakro az qalamcha (soli avval dar niholkhona) mesabzonand va avvali bahori soli digar ba zamin (ba 1 ga ziyoda az 4400 bekh) meshinonand (bayni raddaho—2,25 m). Rishtapoyai Rozak 15—20 sol mesabzad. Davrai rushdash 120 ruz. Mohi iyul gul meku¬nad, mevaash («jalguza») avgust-sentyabr mepazad. Ba khoki hosilkhez (alalkhusus sernitrogen) va nami sertalab ast. «Jalguza»-i Rozak ashyoi muhimmi pivopazist. Buyu tami khosai pivo ba Rozak vobasta ast. «Jalguza» 16—26% javhar (gumolon, lupulon va gayra), 31% moddahoi dabbogi, 0,3—2% ravgashi efir, zift va digar dorad. Tabiboni khalqi jushob yo khokai «jalguza»-i Rozakro baroi tabobati illati jigaru zahradon, qabziyati meda, sili shush, iltihobi gurda, obkhura (istisqo) va gayra istifoda mebarand. Qiyomi khushki Rozak juzi tarkibii doruhoi musakkini «Khovaleten» va «Valosedan» ast. Ravgani efiri Rozakro baroi tayyor kardani dorui «Volokordon» (RDG) ba kor mebarand. Bo «Volokordon» khafaqon (stenokardiya), nevrozi dil, tashannuji ruda va gayraro muolija mekunand.
Ad.: Minaeva V. G., Lekarstven¬nie rasteniya Sibiri, Novosibirsk, 1.970; G a m m e r m a n A. F. [va digaron], Lekarstvennie rasteniya, M., 1975; V e- kh o a V. N., Gubanov I. A., Lebe¬deva G. F., Kulturnie rasteniya SSSR, M., 1978.
M. Khojimatov, A. A. Madaminov.