RASADKhONAI RADIOASTRONOMI

RASADKhONAI RADIOASTRONOMI, muassisai ilmiest, ki afkanishoti elektromagnitii obekthoi kayhoniro dar diapazoni radiomavjho (taqriban az 1 mm to 1 km) mushohida va tadqiq mekunad. Avvalin Rasadkhonai radioastronomi dar okhiri solhoi 50 asri 20 dar Britaniyai Kabir (Jodrell- Benk, dar nazdi Manchester) sokhta shudaast. Kashfi manbahoi osmonii radioafkanishot (nig. Radioa­stronomiya) boisi dar okhiri solhoi 40 va avvali solhoi 50 dar universitetu muassisahoi ilmi, universitethoi Kembrij va Manchester dar Angliya, Laboratoriyai tadqiqotii harbi-bahri dar IMA, Instituti fizikai ba nomi P. N. Lebedevi AF SSSR va Universiteti Gor­kiy dar SSSR, Universiteti Sidney dar Avstraliya tashkil yoftani guruhhoi radioastronomi gardid. Dar yak qator rasadkhonahoi astronomi, az jumla dar SSSR —dar Rasadkhonai astrofizikii Byurakani AF RSS Armaniston, Sarrasadkhonai astronomii Pulkovoi AF SSSR, Rasadkhonai astrofizikii Qrimi AF SSSR, shubahoi radioastronomi tashkil shudand. Minbad rasadkhonahoi makhsusi radioastronomi tasis yoftand, ki mavzui tadqiqotashon ba imkoniyati radioteleskophoi onho vobasta bud. Dertar zimni inkishofi umumii ilm rasadkhonahoi millii radioastronomi ba vujud omadand; in prosess pesh az hama dar mamlakathoe ogoz yoft, ki doroi rasadkhonahoi radioastronomii kamiqtidori sershumor budand.

Dar SSSR rasadkhonahoi asosii radioastronomi inhoand: Rasadkhonai radioastronomii Serpukhovi Iniversiteti fizikai AF SSSR, ki hamai obekthoi osmoniro az Oftob cap karda to manbahoi gayrigalaktikii radioafkanishot tadqiq mekunad; Rasadkhonai radioastronomii Simeizi Ra­sadkhonai astrofizikii AF SSSR dar Qrim, ki asosan ba tadqiqi Oftob mashgul ast; Rasadkhonai radioastronomii Instituti radiofizika va elektronikai AF RSSU, ki asosan radiomanbahoi diskretii paydoishashon gayrigalaktiki va baze obekthoi Galak­tikai mo (sitorahoi navtarin, pulsarho)-ro tadqiq mekunad; Rasadkhonai radioastronomii Rasadkhonai Pulkovo, ki radioastronomiyai oftobi va galaktiki hadafi asosii tadqiqoti ust, Rasadkhonai radioastronomii Instituti radiofizikii Gorkiy, ki asosan bo radioastronomiyai sayyoravi mashgul ast.