Patent

Patent (lotini. patens — shahodatnoma, sanad), 1) hujjatest, ki etirofi davlatii halli tekhnikii ikhtiroro tasdiq karda, ba dorandai on hududi komili ikhtirokoriro medihad. Patent dar territoriyai davlate etibor dorad, ki onro dodaast. Muhlati etibori Patentro niz qonunguzorii milli (hamchun qoida ba muhlati 15—20 sol) muqarrar menamoyad. Hangomi dodani Patent andozi patenti sitonda meshavad. Patent bo baze asosho va tartibe, ki qonunguzorii milli muqarrar kardaast, metavonad bekor karda shavad.

Dorandai Patent ba istifodai ikhtiro huquqi komil dorad. Agar ikhtiro be rizoiyati dorandai Patent istifoda sha­vad, u dar borai sitondani tovoni zarar va man kardani amaliyothoe, ki boisi vayronkunii Patent megardand, ba sud davo karda metavonad. Do­randai Patent haq dorad az huquqhoi khud ba ikhtiro dast kashad va ba digaron ijozat dihad, ki az ikhtiroi u istifoda barand. Qonunguzorii yak qator mamlakatho baze mahdudiyathoi huquqi dorandai Patentroro muqarrar namudaast.

Dar SSSR Patent yake az shaklhoi hifzi huquqii ikhtiro buda, onro odatan, faqat khorijiyon istifoda burda metavonand. Shakli duyum va beshtar mamuli hifzi huquqi ikh­tiro shahodatnomai muallifi meboshad. 2) dar baze davlathoi burjuazi hujjatest, ki baroi ba savdo, hunarmandi va mashgul shudan ba yagon kasb huquq medidad.