Papua Gvineyai Nav

Papua Gvineyai Nav (Rarua New Guinea), davlatest dar qismi janubu sharqi uqyonusi Orom. Qismi sharqi janubii. Gvineyai Navro bo jazira va galajazirahoi Bismark, Solomon, D, Antrkasto, Luiziada, Trobrian, Murua, umuman taqriban 200 jazirai kalonu khurdro dar bar megirad. Masohatash 462,8 hazor km^a. Aholiash—3 mln nafar (1980) Shumorai aholii tagjoy—670 hazor, az on jumla 570 hazor papuasho, 100 hazor melaneziho, boqimonda avstraliyu evropoiho va gayra. Markazi mamurnash — shahri Port-Morsbi. Zaboni rasmi — anglisi: Ziyoda az 90% aholi nasroni.

Soli 1884 qismi shimolu sharqi jazirai Gvineyai Navro Germaniya zabt kard va ba on Zamini imperator Vil­gelm nom dod. Dar davrav Jangi yakumi jahoni Germaniyai Navro qushunhoi Avstraliya ishgol kardand: Qismi janubu sharqi jazirai Gvineyai Nav, ki Papua nom dosht, az soli 1684 to 1905 dar tasarrufi Angliya bud — avval chun protektorat (to 1888), bad chun mustamlika. Soli 1905 ba ikhtiyori Avstraliya guzasht. Hukumati Avstraliya soli 1949 Papua va Gvineyai Navro az jihaati mamuri muttahid kard. Ba tufayli harakati ozodihohii khalq 1 dekabri 1973 Papua— Gveneyai Nav istiqloli dokhii ba dast ovard va 16 senyabri 1975 davlati mukhtor elon shud. Sardori davlat malikai Britaniyai Kabir, namoyandai u general- gubernator ast (uro parlamenti Papua-Gveneyai Nav ba muhlati 6 sol tain menamoyad). Organi qonunbaror parlamenti yakpalatagi. Partiyahoi asosiash: Pang u p a r t i. Tasisash 1966. P a r tiyai kh a l q i i progressivi. Tasisash 1970. Partiyai milli. Tasisash 1979. Kongressi ittifoqi kasaba dorad.

Qarib 40%’ aholi bo dehqoni va chorvodori mashgul ast. Ziroatya asosii khojagii qishloq norjil, qahva, kakao, sholi, choy va gayra. Soli 1972 mamlakat 95 hazor gov dosht. Korkhonahoi sanoati chubgari va khurokvori taraqqi kardaast. Sarvathoi zerizamini: mis, ohan, nikel, surb, malgan, platina, tillo, angishti bur. Rohi ohan nadorad. darozii rohi moshingard —16,2 hazor km. Bandarhoi asosii bahri: Port- Morsbi, Rabaul, Lae. Madang. Aeroportho: Port-Morsbi va Lae. Mam­lakat ba khorija kopra, ravgani norjil, qahva, choy, kakao, kauchuk, chub, tillo, mis mebarorad va az khorqa khurokvori, nushoki, tamoku, moshin, tajhizot, molhoi sanoati megirad. Sharikoni asosii tijoratiash: Britaniyai Kabir, Avstraliya, Yaponiya. Vohidi pul—kina.