POTEBNYa Aleksandr Afanase­vich

POTEBNYa Aleksandr Afanase­vich (22. 9. 1835, dehai Gavrilovka, viloyati Poltava—11. 12. 1891, Kharkov), zabovshinosi ukrain va rus. Azo- korr. AF Peterburg (az soli 1877). Professori universiteti Kharkov (az soli 1875). Universiteti Kharkovro tamom kardaast (1856). Muhimtarin asari tadqiqotii u «Tafakkur va zabon» meboshad, ki dar on munosibati tafakkur va zabon az mavqei materialisti hal gardida, in du masala dar aloqamandii hamdigar tahlil shudaand. Tadqiqoti digari barjastai Potebnya «Guzorishho doir ba grammatikai zaboni rusi» (jildhoi 1—2, 1874; jildi 3, 1899; jildi 4, 1941), ki tahlili materialhoi leksikologi, kalimasozi, morfologi va sintaksisiro faro megirad, dar tarikhi zabonshinosii rus va slavyani roli kalon bozid. Potebnya masalahoi grammatikai zaboni rusiro dar aloqamandi bo digar zabonhoi slavyani va hinduevropoi meomukht. Dar tadqiqoti pas az margash ba tab rasidai u «Az leksiyaho doir ba nazariyai adabiyot» (1894) va «Qaydho oid ba adabiyot» (1905), prinsiphoi «poetikai lingvist» ba miyon guzoshta shudaand, ki dar asri 20 khele vusat yoftand. Bisyor aqoidi Potebnya to hanuz ahamiyati ilmi dorand. Potebnya dar tashakkuli madaniyati ukrain khizmathoi namoyon kardaast. Instituti zabonshinosii AF SSSR dar Kiev ba nomi Potebnya mavsum ast.

Os.: Estetika i poetika, M., 1976.

Ad.: Vinogradov V. V., A. A. Potebnya, dar kit.: Istoriya russkikh ling­visticheskikh ucheniy, M., 1978; Mesher­skiy N. A., A. A. Potebnya, dar kit.; Slavyanovedenie v dorevolyusionnoy Ros­sii. Biobibliograficheskiy slovar, M., 1979; Presnyakov O. P.. Poetika poznaniya i tvorchestva. Teoriya sloves­nosti A. A. Potebni, M., 1980.

A. Gorbachevskiy.