POLIMERIZATSIYa

POLIMERIZATSIYa, chunin yak prosessi sintezi polimerhoro guyand, ki zimni on az tasiri mutaqobili molekulahoi monomer (yo monomerho) odatan payvasthoi khurdmolekulai ilovagi tashakkul nameyoband. Polimerizatsiya musalsal va zina ba zina meguzarad. Polimerizatsiyai musalsal bo tashakkul va ishtiroki radikalhoi ozod (Polimerizatsiyai radikali) yo ionho (Polimerizatsiyai i o n i) ba amal meoyad. Dar Polimerizatsiyai zina ba zina reakmiya bo afzudani massai molekulavii polimer dar chandin marhila tadrijan meguzarad.

Boqimondai monomerhoi tarkibi polimer zvenohoi sodda (yo monomeri) nom dorand. Prosessi Polimerizatsiya az se marhila iboratast: 1) tashakkuli markazi faol; 2) darozshavii silsilai polimeri; 3) qati silsila. Hangomi Polimerizatsiyai radikali dar marhilai avval baroi hosil shudani radikalhoi ozod sharoit muhayyo meshavad. Chunin zarrachahoi (markazhoi) faol az garm kardani monomerho (Polimerizatsiyai harorati), az tasiri rushnoi (fotopolimerizatsiya), shuoafkanii radioaktivi (Polimerizatsiyai radiatsioni), reaksiyahoi oksidu barqarorshavi ba vujud meoyand. Dar amaliya baroi hosil shudani radikalhoi ozod aksar az moddahoi makhsus — initsatorho (peroksidho, gidroperoksidho, payvasthoi diazoamini, di-va polisulfidho va gayraho) istifoda mebarand.

V. Kimsanov.