Ozon

Ozon (az yun. ozo — buy mebaroram), Oz, shakli allotropii oksigen.

I Ozonro bori avval soli 1785 fiziki gollandi M. van .Marum az rui bui makhsus va khosiyati oksidkunandagii havo, ki hangomi az on guzaronidani sharorai elektr zohir megardad, oshkor namud. Ozon dar sharoiti mutadil moddai gazii tarkandai kabudtob buda, bui makhsusi tez dorad. Dar ob nagz (dar (GS 0,394 gramm/litr) hal meshavad.

Zichiash nisbat ba oksigen 1,5 va nisbat ba havo 1,62.; t jush.— 112^e Selsiya va t gudozish— 192,7° Selsiya. Ozon moddai noustuvor ast. Bay dar tabiat dar zeri tasiri razryadhoi elektron radu bark, oksidshavii moddahoi anftmonand, hangomi kafsheri elektri va gayra hosil meshavad. Dar sanoat va laboratoriya Ozonro az havo va oksigen bo tasiri sharorai elektr dar ozonator hosil mekunand.

Qismi ziyodi Ozoni atmosfero, ki qabati ozonosferaro tashkil mekunad, dar balandii 10—50 kilometr voqe gashtaast. Ozoni atmosferi dar tamin namudani sharoiti hayot dar rui Za­min maqomi ziyod dorad. Vay az yak taraf ba pahn shudani nurhoi ultrabunafshi oftob, ki baroi hayot zararnok ast, mone meshavad.

Az tarafi digar boshad, nurhoi infra- surkhi az Zamin ba havo pahnshavandaro furu burda, Zaminro az khunuk shudan amin medorad. Ozon oksidkunandai zur buda, baroi hosil kardani bisyor moddahoi organiki, berang kardani kogaz, ravgan va gayra istifoda meshavad. Ozon gazi zahrnok (hatto az gazi gubori angisht ham zahrnoktar) buda, miqdori az 10-⁵% ziyodi on dar havo khafnok ast.