Osetinho

Osetinho (khudiron guyand_,  dar garbu shimoli Osetiya —d i g o r o n    nomand), millat, aholii asosii Respublikai Avtonomii Sovetii Sotsialistii Osetiyai Shimoli va Viloyati Avtonomii Osetiyai Janubi; dar yak qator rayonhoi Pespublikai Sovetii Cotsialistii Gurjiston, Respublikai Avtonomii Sovetii Sotsialistii Kabardino Balqar, kishvari Stav­ropol, az jumla dar Viloyati Avtonomii Qarachayu Cherkas niz zindagi mekunand. Shumoraashon 542 hazor nafar (1979).

Ba zaboni osetini gap mezanand. Tashakkuli Osetinho bo tarikhi aholii mahallii qadimai Kavkazi Shimoli va ham bo khalqhoi muhojir — skifho (asrhoi 8—7 to milod), sarmatho (asrhoi 4—1 to milod) va makhsusan alanho (az asri 1 milod) aloqamand ast. Dar natijai dar viloyathoi Kavkazi Shimoli maskun shudani qabilahoi mazkuri eronizabon aholii mahalli zabon va bisyor unsurhoi madaniyati ondoro qabul namud. Dar in jo ittifoqi tavonoi alanhoyu osetinho tashkil yofta, baroi tashakkuli khalqiyati ose­tin zamina guzosht; vale hujumi mugulho (asri 13) onro parokanda namud.

Az okhiri asri 15 tashakkuli khalqiyati Osetinho az nav cap shuda to asri 18 tul kashid. Dar in bayn Osetinho ba pastihoi janubi qatorkuhi Kavkaz pahn shudand. Dar makhazhoi garbi va sharqi ajdodi Osetinhoro alanho; gurji — os (ovs), rusi — yas guftaand. Badi istiloi mugul (asri 13) va digar istilogaron alanhoyu ose­tinho majbur shudand az dashthoi hosilkhez ba Janub— ba darayu kuhhoi Kav­kazi Markazi kuchand. Dar nishebihoi shimoli on Osetinho 4 jamiyati kalon (Digor, Alagir, Kurtatin, Tagaur), dar Janub bisyor jamiyathoe, ki tobei feodaloni gurji budand, tashkil namudand.

Dar tuli asrho Osetinho bo gurjiho va digar khalqhoi hamsoya robita doshtand, tasiri on dar zabonu madaniyat va maishati onho inikos yoftaast. Aksariyati Osetinho payravi masehiyat; qismashon musulmon budand. Mashguliyati asosii Osetinho dar vodi dehqoni, dar mavzehoi kuhi — chorvodori bud. Yake az namudhoi qadimai sanati amalii Osetinho— hakkoki, chevari va gayra. Bayni janrhoi gunoguni fol­klor eposi narti mashhur ast. Hokimiyati Soveti khususiyati khojagii Osetinhoro tagyir dod. Xojagii qishloqi sersoha gardid va baland mekhanikonida shud. Shumorai ziyodi Osetinho dar sanoat kor meku­nand. Hamai namudhoi madaniyati milli dele inkishof yoft. Ziyoiyoni milli ba kamol rasidand. Osetinho ba millati sotsialisti tabdil yoftand. Nigared niz Osetiyai Shimoli va Osetiyai Janubi.