Organizm

Organizm (az lotini organizo — tashkil mekunam, mesozam), hama gu­na mavjudoti zindaro guyand. Organizmhoi yak va bisyorhujayra doroi chunin khosiyathoi asosii hayotiand,. ki onhoro az materiyai gayrizinda farq me­kunand, yane onkho sokhti hujayravi dorand; ba onkho mubodilai modda, sabzish, inkishof, afzoish, tagyirpaziri, irsiyat, mutobiqshavi ba sharoiti zindagi va gayra khosand.

Organizmhoe niz mavjudand, ki yadroi hujayravii asli va unsuri khromosomi nadorand. In guna Organizmhoro p r o k a r i-o t h o menomand. Bakteriyaho, obsabzhoi kabudu sabz, rikketsiyaho, mikoplazmaho va gayra az hamin qabiland. Sokhti in Organizmho sodda buda, andozaashon khele khurd ast. Dar ja- rayoni tasiri mutaqobil ba muhiti zindagy Organizm khudro chun sistemai tom zohir menamoyad. Tashakkuli komili Organizm natijai evolyusiya buda, az taqsimshavii qismhoi struktura (hujayra, bofta va uzvho), funksiya va integrasiyai onho iborat ast.

Dar Organizmhoi yakhujayravi funksiyahoi hayoti tavassuti organellahoi makhsus ba amal barovarda meshavad. Dar davomi evolyusiya afzoishi khu­jayra (yane ba vujud omadani Organizmi bisyorhujayravi) ba murakkab gardidani morfofiziologili Organizm musoidat namud. Dar omukhtani masalahoi evolyusiya, taqsimshaviyu integrasiyai uzvho va funksiyai Organizm olimoni rus A. I. Seversev, A. A. Zavarzin, N. G. Khlopin, I. I. Mechnikov, N. I. Shmalgauzen va baze  olimoni khoriji sahmi arzanda guzoshtaand. Nigared  niz Morfogenez, 0ntogenee, Organogenez, Filogenez.