Oligofrenopedagogika

Oligofrenopedagogika, sohai defektologiya ast, ki masalahoi tarbiya va talim, rohhoi islohi norasoii inkishofi bachahoi zaifaql, inchunin masalahoi barqarorkunii salomatii onhoro meomuzad. Dar avvali asri 19 dar inkishofi tib va pedagogika hamchun raviyai muayyane ba vujud omad. Sistemai tarbiya va talimi bachahoi zaifaqlro bori avvvl dukhtur va peda­gogi fransavi E. Segen dar miyonahoi asri 19 peshnihod kard. Nimai duyumi asri 19 baroi bachahoi zaifaql dar bisyor mamlakatho sinf va maktabhoi makhsus kushoda shudand.

Dar Rossiya soli 1908 bori avval in guna sinf, soli 1910 maktabi yorirason ba  vujud omad. Dar SSSR talimu tarbiyai bachahoi zaifaql dar makhtabhoi makhsusi yorirason ba amal jori karda meshavand. Oligofrenopedagoghoi soveti mashqhoi rasmiro, ki dar khorija hamchun vositai asosii islohkuni mamul ast, etirof namekunand.

Oligofrenopedagogikai soveti ba inkishofi hissiyot va nutqi bachaho, ba masalai dar prosessa talimu tarbiya va durust istifoda burdani metod­hoi shifohiyu ayoni, ba korhoi amalii talim ahamiyati kalon medihad. Dar asosi omuzishi psikhologiyu pedagogii bachahoi zaifaql ba har yak bachai zaifaql ba tavri fardi va differensiali muvosibat mekunand.

Oligofrenopedagoghoro fakthoi defektologiyai instituthoi pedagogi tayyor mekunand. Dar Tojikiston 6 maktabi defektologi, yak maktabi yorirason, 5 maktab-internati yori­rason (1982) kor mekunand.