Obhoi minerali

Obhoi minerali, obhoi zerizamini (goho ruizamini)-ro guyand.ki dar tarkibi khud ba miqdori ziyod baze elementhoi khimiyavi (yod, brom, ba­riy, litiy, stronsiy, ohan, ftor v a gayra), gaz va payvasthoi gunogun (ga­zi karbon, gidrogensulfid, radon, metan) dorand. Mineralnokii Obhoi mineraliro miqdori moddahoi halshavanda (ba hisobi gramm dar 1 litr ob) muayyan mekunand.

Az in jihat Obhoi minerali chand khel meshavand: Obhoi mineralii darajai mi- neralnokiashon nihoyat past (1-^-2 gramm/litr), past (2—5 gramm/litr), miyona (5—15 gramm/litr), baland (15—30 gramm/litr), shur 35— 150 gramm/litr) va namakobho (150 gramm/litr va az in ziyod). Obhoi mineralii darajai mineral- nokiashon az 2 to 20 gramm/litrro baroi nushoki istifoda mebarand. Harorati Obhoi minerali  niz yak khel nest. Obhoi minerali  vobasta ba tarzi paydosh va dar qishri Za­min joygir shudanashon khunuk (to 20^RSelsiya), mutadil (20—37°S), garm (termali, 37—42° Selsiya) va jushon (42° Selsiya va az on bolo) meshavand.

Obhoi minerali ba tufayli chashmayu parmachohho ba rui zamin mebaroyand, ki chuqurii onho hatto ba yakchand kilometr merasad. Obhoi baze kulu bahrdo niz az sababi shuriashon ba qatori Obhoi minerali dokhil meshavand. Tarkibi Obhoi minerali odatan bo tarikhi inkishofi geologi, khususiyati sokhti tektoniki, litologiya, sharoithoi geotermi va digar khususiyathoi mahal aloqamand ast.

Khosiyati shifobakhshii Obhoi mineraliro elementho va gazhoi foidanok, sifat va miqdori moddahoi organikii tarkibi onho muayyan mekunand. Aksari chashmahoi shifobakhsh zakhirai ziyodi Obhoi minerali do­rand va az jihati iqtisodi baroi istifodai darozmuddat muvofiq meboshand. Dar SSSR chashmahoi sulfat va gidrokarbonatdori Narzan (Kis­lovodsk) , karbonatu aptidriddori Jeleznovodsk, Pyatigorsk, Essentu­ki, sulfurdori Chimyon va Uchqizili RSS Uzbekiston, Masestai RSS Gurjiston, azotdori Qiziltelpa (PCS Uzbekiston), Issiqota (RSS Qazoqiston) va gayra mashhurand.

Dar territoriyai Tojikiston beshtar az 200 chashmai Obhoi minerali hast, ki mamultarini onho obhoi garm va khunuki gazi karbonatdorand. Tarkibi khi­miyavi va harorati har kadomi on­ho gunogun buda, ahamiyati kaloni muolijavi dorand. Inchunin obhoi gidrogensulfiddor, rador, ohan, ftor, arsen, yodu brom va silisiydor, obhoi shur va namakobho mavjudand.

Az in obho dar kurortu sa­natoriya va tabobatghhoi Havotog, Khojaobigarm, Shambari, Yavroz, Aldigon (Orjonikidzeobod), Obigarm, Tomdikul, Garmchashma va gayra baroi tabobati kasalihoi tarbod, dardi miyon, pusti badan, muolijai guluyu uzvhoi nafas va kasalihoi gineko­loii istifoda mebarand. Obhoi mineralii Anzob, Almosi, Shambari, Zarafshon, Qavotog va Badakhshonro ba shishaho rekhta hamchun obi nushoki va shi­fobakhsh istemol mekunand.

Az ba­ze Obhoi minerali inchunin yod, brom, namakhoi osh, magniy va kaliy, sulfur, sulfat, soda va gayra megirand. Masalahoi paydoish, qonuniyati joygirshavi va tarzi istifodai Obhoi mineraliro gidrogeologiya va kurortologiya meomuzand, yak qismi zakhirai obi Zaminro tashkil medihand.

Zakhirahoi umumii O. z.-i khushky besh az 60 mln km³ ast. O. z.-ro sarvati aerieamipy meshumorand, ki onho bar khilofi namudhoi digari sarvatqoi aeriza- mini dar prosessi istifoda aa iav barqaror meshavand. Bo tadqiqi O. a. gidrogeologiya mashgul ast. Dar SSSR ziyoda aa 100 st. gidrogeo­logi mavjud buda, beshtar az 25000 puikti n&zoratiro darbar megirad.