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Nullifikatsiyai pul

Nullifikatsiyai pul (az lot. nullus — hej va lacio — karda istodaam), bekor kardani pulest, (ki qurbash yakbora khele past shudaast. Sababi asosii Nullifikatsiyai pul inflyatsiya mebo­shad. Agar hukumat nav shavadu puli hukumatp peshtararo bekor kunad, in ham Nullifikatsiyai pul meshavad. Nullifikatsiyai pul yake az vositahoi tanzimi muomiloti pul meboshad.

Bazan devalvasiya ham sababi Nullifikatsiyai pul shudanash mumkin, yane dar in surat puli kuhna, ki qurbash past shudaast, bo puli nav ivaz kar­da meshavad. Dar SSSR dar davrai Jangi grajdani va intervensiyai khoriji tamomi pulhoe, ki hokimiyathoi gunoguni gvardiyachiyoni safed barovarda budand, bekor karda shu­daand. Dar okhiri Jangi duyumi jahon (1930—1945) tamomi pulhoe, ki fashistoni nemis dar mamlakathoi istilokardaashon barovarda budand, niz nullifikatsiya karda shudand. Masalan, dar Yuvon hangomi Nullifikatsiyai pul 50 mlrd dirhame, ki nemishoi fashist barovarda budand, ba 1 dirhami nav ivaz karda shud.

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SADUDDINI HAMMUI Muhammad ibni Juvayni

SADUDDINI HAMMUI Muhammad ibni Juvayni (soli tavallud nomalum — Vafot 1252), yake az namoyandagoni mashhuri …