Non

Non, yake az taomhoi mamuli inson. Muvofiqi malumoti arkheologi takhmin kardan mumkin ast, ki istemoli donahoi rastanihoi khushador hanuz 10—15 hazor sol muqaddam cap shudaast. Dar in davra kashf gardidani otash va dasgos, inchunin khamir baroi dar rui sangi tafson yo dar otash pukhta istemol namudani Non sharoit faroham ovard. Dar Misri Qadim ziyoda aa 30 namudi nonro mepukhtand. Dar Baynannahrayni Qadim ba Non ravgan va asal hamroh mekardand. Minbad, bo kashfi khamirturush (hazorai 2 to melod), otashdon, tanur va gayra usulhoi navi tayyor kardani Non takomul yoft. Dar Yunoni Qadim va Rimi Qadim maktabhoi makhsusi nonvoyho budand. Nonhoi az ordi gandum tayyor kardashuda dar tarkibi khud 30—35% ,safeda, 60—70% angishtob, vitamvni V₁, V₂, RR, vamaki minerali, ohan, kalsiy, fosfor va moddahoi digar dorand.

Vobasta ba usulhoi pukhtan Nonho tanuri, degi, tavoti, az rui ord — Noni gandum, jav, arzan, juvori (zagora), sumanak, mushupg, omekhta (omekhtai ordi gandum, jav, nakhud) va gayra meshavand.

Dar bayni khalqhoi Osiyoi Miyona usulhoi dar tanur pukhtani Non az davrahoi qadim mamul bud. Dar tuli asrho in usul takomul yofta, sadho namudi on kashf shud. Noni tanuriro eroniho, ozarboyjoniho, afgonho, armaniho, gurjiho, uygurho, kashmiriho, panjobiho, turkho, bulgorho, arabho, qisman yunoniho, khalqhoi Yugoslaviya niz mepazand. Vobasta ba tekhnologiyai pukhtanash Noni obi, gijda, fatir (norasida, bekhamirturush), shirmol va gayra mesha­vad.

Noni obiro asosan az ordi gandum mepazand, ki khamiri on susttaru zavolaash khurdtar (to 200 g) meshavad.

Tekhnologiyai Noni gijda chunin ast: ba obi shirgarm ordi gandum, khamirturush va namakob , andokhta khamir mekunand va onro to ba karson va dast nachaspidan musht mezanand, bad kame ord poshida, to rasidan boloyashro bo dastarkhon yo matoi gafs mepushand. Khamiri gij­da boyad sakhttar boshad. Badi rasi­dan onro zavola girifta ba tanuri tafson chasponida ba ruyash ob meposhand. Noni pukhtaro bo ostincha yo toba kanda girifta boz ba ruyash kame ob meposhand. Pukhtani Non 10—12 daqiqa davom mekunad.

Baroi tayyor namudani fa tir ba obi shirgarm b shir ordi gandum, namakob, ravgan hamroh kar­da, khamir mekunand.

Tekhnologiyai Noni sh i r m o l murakkab buda, bo usuli makhsus pukh­ta meshavad. Ba obi nakhud kame ord poshida khamirpoygir tayyor mekunand, ki on 5—6 soat meistad. Sipas onro ba sifati khamirturush istifoda burda, khamirro bo shir memoland.

Dar baze nohiyahoi janubi res­publika khamirro dar qur mepazand, ki tagialovi yo kumoch nom dorad. Dar marakaho az ordi gandum Nonhoi tunuk va chapoti (chavoti) me­pazand, ki khamiri on kame sust me­shavad. Dar tuli asrho barobari takmil yoftani tekhnologiyai nonpazi khelhoi gunoguni Non ba vujud omadand. Holo dar bayni aholii shahru dehoti Tojikiston va viloyathoi tojiknishini RSS Uzbekiston chunin namudhoi Nonro mepazand: dar vodii Fargona — Noni obi, khonagi, kulcha, jazzador (jazin), gushti, ravgani, chapchap, kunjiti, siyohdonador, fatiri ravgani, fatiri qashqari, fatiri tuy, fatiri piyozdor, kulchai shirravgan va gayra, d a r v i loyath o i S a m a rq a n d. Bukhoro, Qashqadaryo va Surkhondaryo — Nonhoi obi, zargaron, hindugi, taftoni, osiyogi, shirmoli dujuft, taftoni dubez,

pulodi, jazin, ravgani, turfon, kulobodi, zaboni gov, shirmoli sokhta, shirmoli sedonapayvand, salavg, davra, naqshin, kunjitin, lavash, davra, qashqari va gayra; dar rayonhoi janubi Tojikiston—kumoch, chapoti, kulcha, kulchai kalon, kulchai arus, lochura va gayra. Holo dar mamlakati mo ziyoda az 800 navi Non pukhta meshavad. Dar respublika barobari ziyod shudani miqdori aholi va inkishofi korkhonahoi sanoati ehtiyojot ba Non afzud. Binobar on, nonvoykhonahoi nav va zavodhoi Non sokhta shudand, ki onho aholiro bo namudhoi guvoguni Non tamin mekunand.