Nagzakkani

Nagzakkani obilakubi, usuli peshgirii nagzaki tabii bo rohi siroyati sunii odam ba vositai virusi vaksinai nagzak. Dar zamonhoi qadim dar Khitoy, Hinduston, Afrika usuli variolyasiya istifoda meshud. Muvofiqi in usul ba zeri pusti odami solim (yo ba pardai luobii bini) dubobcha yo rimi khushkonidai nagzakro mefiristodand. Dar natija bemori sabuktar guzashta, organizm ba nagzak immu­nitet hosil mekard. Dar asri 18 variolyasiyaro dar mamlakathoi Evropa, az jumla Rossiya, istifoda meburdand. Vale baad az on bazan shak­li vaznini bemori ruy medod va goho shakhsi dar natijai variolyasiya ba nagzak giriftorshuda manbai si­royati digaron megardid. Hangomi variolyasiya ba bemorhoi siroyatii digar niz giriftor shudan mumkin bud. Usuli nagzakkaniro soli 1796 dukhturi anglis 3. Jenner peshnihod namud va in usul minbad vaksina­siya (az lotini vaocinum — nagzaki gov) nomida shud.

Vaksinaro dar natijai bo «virusi vaksinai nagzak (virusi nagzaki tabii, ki yakchand marotiba ba gusola chet karda shuda, khosiyati nagaaki govro paydo kardaast) siroyat kunonidani gusola hosil mekunand.

Tatbiqi Nagzakkani dar amaliyai nigahdorii tandurusti boisi khele kamshavii bemorii nagzak gardid. Vale dar bisyor mamlakatho Nagzak hatmi nameboshad. Dar SSSR Nagzakro dar bayni ha­mai bachagoni 1—2-sola, hangomi tahdidi epidemiyai nagzak boshad barvaqttar meguzaronand. Nagzak dar sinni 8 va 12-solagi, baroi korkunoni tibbu khizmati kommunali va gayra dar har 5 sol yak bor takroran guzaronida meshavad. Nagzakro ba rui pust (badi dezinfeksiyai pust vaksinaro ba on molida chet mekunand) meguzaronand. To pustpartoi obbozi kardan mumkin nest. Agar badi pustpartoi dogi zakhm boqi namonad, Nagzakro benatija shumorida, onro takror mekunand. Hangomi shiddatyobii bemori, ki khelo kam ba vuqu meoyad, az gammaglobulini ziddinagzak istifoda mebarand. Muvofiqi malumoti Tashkiloti umumijahonii nigakhdorii tandurusti nagzak holo dar tamomi jahon barham khurdaast.