MUROQIBA

MUROQIBA, muroqaba (arabi mushohida, nazorat), zinai  hissii marifat (nigared Inikos, Nazariyai marifat). Dar falsafai idealisti du tarzi fahmishi Muroqibaro judo kardan mumkin ast, ki har du bevosita bo mafhumi intuisiya aloqamandand. Fahmishi yakum az Aflotun cap mezanad. Aflotun Muroqibaro hamchun marifati gayri ideyaho tabir menamud. Fahmishi duyumro I. Kant inkishof dod. I. Kant Muroqibaro ham ba tafakkur va ham ba ehsosot muqobil guzoshta, onro hamchun tasavvurote dar borai ashyoi yagona sharh medod, ki boyad tavassuti kategoriyahoi marifat manivu mazmuni khos paydo kunad. Dar fevomenologiyai E. Gusserl har du navi Muroqibai ba istiloh «eydetiki» (andar rasidan ba khosiyati ashyoi fard) va «eydetiki» (andar rasidan ba mohiyati ashyo) tahlil meshavand.

Materializma tomarksisti marifatro hamchun Muroqiba, marhilai pasti idroki gayrifaoli olami berunae medonad, ki ba organhoi his tasir merasonad. «Kambudii asosii tamomi  materializmi peshtara — az on jumla materializmi Feyerbakh ham— iborat az on ast, ki predmet, voqeiyat, hissniyat na hamchun faoliyati hissii inson, na hamchun  a m a l i ya, na ba tavri subektivi, balki dar shakli obekt, yo ki dar shakli mushohida girifta meshavad» (Marks Karl va Engels Fridrikh, Asos munt.,jildi- 2, 1965, sahifai 439). Marksizm nishon dod, ki marifat Muroqibai gayrifaol nabuda, bo digargunsozii olam robitai kandanashavanda dorad.