MURGOBI

MURGOBI, yak guruh murghoi gunogunjinsro guyand, ki ba oilai murghoi obii gozmonand mansuband. Vaznash 300—1700 gramm. Ba tamomi olam pahn shudaast. Az rui sokhtu khususiyathoi biologi va istehsoli Murgobi haqiqi, gutagarak va krokhal meshavad. Murgobii haqiqi yo daryoi ba ob guta za­da nametavonad. Dar khushki yo joyhoi tunukob khurok mejuyad. Khurokash rastani, mohicha, kirm, hasharot va gayra. Gushtash khushsifat. Behtarin namudhoi shikorii Murgobi: zangorsar, darafshdumak, murgobii ashhabi va murgobak va gayra meboshad. Hamai in murgobiho mavsimi buda, faqat bazei onho zimistonro dar Shimol (dar sohilhoi bahr yo obanborhoi obashon shirine, ki yakh mebandad) meguzaronand. Dar Ittifoqi Respublikahoi Sovetii Sotsialisti SSSR 41 namudi Murgobi mamul ast. Dar Tojikiston na- mudhoi 8 jinsi Murgobi vomekhurad. Makhsusan namudhoi jinsi Murgobii daryoi (Murgobii ashhabi — Anasstrepera) va zangorsarak (Anasstrepera platyt- hunchos va gayra) vase pahn shudaand. Yak qismi onho hangomi parida raftan duchor meoyand yo ba miqdori kam dar kulu daryohoi respublika zimiston meguzaronand. Az hamvorihoi respublika to obanborhoi Pomir Murgobii surkh (Tadorna ferruginea), gogol (Bucephula clangula) va gayra, dar qismi ziyodi kuhsori respubli­ka krokhali kaloni himoloy (Meggus merganser orictalis) va Murgobii alobuloi noranji zist mekunand. Aksariyatn namudhoi nomburda Murgobihoi shikori meboshand.

Murgobi: 1 — ashhabi; 2 — jelobini;

3 — zoti murgobii «Cherri-Velli».

Murgobii khonagiro dar zamonhoi qadim az Murgobii vahshii zangorsarak (kryakva) ba vujud ovardaand. Murgobii khonagi serpushtu tezras buda, gushtash sergizoi balandsifat ast. Az tukhmi Murgobii khonagi chuja mebarorand va dar sanoati khurokvori ordi tukhm, melanju mahsuloti qannodi tayyor mekunand. Vazni miyonai Murgi modina 3,35 kilogramm, narina 3,5—4 kilogramm, chujai yak ruzaash 50—60 gramm va 55—60-ruzaash 2—2,5 kilogramm. Hangomi az galai Murgobihoi modina yak marotiba giriftani nasl vazni zindai solonai nasli yak Murgobi ba 100—150 kilogramm, hangomi girifta­ni yakchand nasl vazni zindai on ba 200—300 kilogramm merasad. Murgobii khonagi dar 160—180 ruz ba tukhm daromada, dar yak sol ziyoda az 200 dona tukhm mekunad. Dar Tojikiston Murgobii zoti pekini va zoti jlobiniro, ki dar sovkhozi «Jlobin*-i viloyati Gomel (duragai Murgobii pekini bo Murgobii safedi moskvagi) ba vujud ovardaand, parvarish mekunand. In Murgobi ba sharoiti parvarish nagz mutobiq mesha­vand. Vazni parkandai Murgobi (be uevhoi daruni)—58—60% va ravgani gushtash 24—30%. Soli 1971 az Angliya ba Ittifoqi Respublikahoi Sovetii Sotsialisti SSSR Muogobii guruhi krossi X— N-i firma i «Cherri-Velli» ovarda shuda bud. Hangomi ba sharoiti mahal mutobiq kardani krossi X—II dar Stansiyai tajribavii mintaqavii murgparvarii Qazoqiston malum shud, ki Murgobii in guruh sermahsuland. Vazni zindai Murgobii duragai 151X102 (duragai padari va modari)-i krossi «Cherri-Velli» dar sha­roiti yakkhela nisbat ba Murgobihoi zoti mahalliyu jlobini 310—1270 gramm ziyod buda, sarfi khurok ba dar 1 kilogramm vazni on az 0,3 to 2,8 kilogramm kam ast. Sermahsuli va sernaslii duragai «Cherri-Velli» boisi afzoishi tezi naslgiri shuda, baroi bo Murgobihoi zoti tamin namudani khojagihoi murgparvarii mintaqahoi gunoguni Ittifoqi Respublikahoi Sovetii Sotsialisti SSSR va az on jumla Tojikiston imkon dod. Dar natijai behtar gardondani serpushtii galai Murgobi, chujabarori, ziyod kardani vazni zinda, sifat va gayra istehsoli gushti Murgobi sol to sol meafzoyad.

Adabiyot:       Abakumov V., Utkovodstvo

v spesializirovannom khozyaystve, Moskva, 1968; Jizn jivotnikh, tom 5, Moskva, 1970; Proizvodstvo myaso utok na promishlen­noy osnove. Moskva, 1973.      V. Merzlyakov.