MUNOSIBAT

MUNOSIBAT, munosabat (arabi —bo ham nisbatdori; aloqa, payvastagi), kategoriyai falsafist, ki khususiyati joygirshavii unsurhoi sistemai muayyan va vobastagii mutaqobilai onhoro ifoda mekunad; ifodai mavqei shakhs nisbat ba yagon chiz; muqoisai fikrii obekthoi gunogun yo jihathoi obekti muayyan.

Materializmi dialektiki khususi­yati obektivi va universalii Munosibatro ba asos megirad. Dar olam tanho ashyo, khosiyat va Munosibati onho mavjud buda, bo ashyo va khosiyathoi digar robita va Munosibati beintiho dorand. Vladimir Ilich Lenin fikri G. Gegelro dar borai on, ki «…dar yak Kim-chii konkreti nisbat ba tamomi chizhoi boqi munosibathoi gunogun va aksar vaqt ziddiyatnok dorad…*, durust medonad (Asar, djildi 38, sahifai 133). Yak Munosibat metavonad dar ashyoi gunogun (Munosibatii dokhili) yo bayni ashyoi gunogun (Munosibati beruni) boshad. Har yak ashyoro hamchun tanosubi juzhoi on donistan mumkin ast. Az tarafi digar, har yak Munosibat tanho ashyoi dar bayni on joygiriftaro nishon medihad. Shakli makhsusi Munosibatro munosibathoi jamiyati tashkil medihand. Tafakkuri ilmi mohiyati ashyo, qonuniyati pay­doish va inkishofi onhoro ba vositai muayyan namudani M.unosibati onho ba digar ashyo oshkor mekunad. Vladimir Ilich Le­nin unsurhoi dialektikaro tavsif namuda, zaruriyati tadqiqi Munosibatro qayd karda bud: «tamomi majmui munosibathoi khele gunoguni in chiz bo chizhoi digar», «munosibathoi har yak chiz … na tanho khe­le gunogunand, balki kulli, universali meboshand. Har kadom chiz (zuhur, prosess…) bo har kadome vobasta ast»; «prosessi beintiho» oshkor shudani tarafhoyu munosibathoi nav…» (Asarho, d.\\jildi 38, sahifai 224—25). Dar m a n t i q i dialektiki «munosibathoi (=guzarishhoi«= ziddnyathoi) mafdumho = mazmuni asosii mantiq ast, dar a y n i hol in mafhumho (va munosibatho, gu- zarishho, ziddiyathoi onho) hamchun inikoshoi olami obektivi nishon doda shudaand» (Lenin Vladimir Ilich, Asarhoi jildi 38, sahifai 197). Dar mantiqi mate­matiki Munosibat ba khosiyat muqobil guzoshta meshavad. Dar mantiqi sh a k l i nazariyai Munosibat dar asarhoi de Morgan, Ch. Pirs, E. Shreder tahlil shudaast. Nazariyai mantiqii Munosibat khosiyathoi umumii Munosibat va qonunhoi ba onho tobero tadqiq menamoyad.