MORFOLOGIYaI ODAM

MORFOLOGIYaI ODAM, 1) talimotest dar borai sokhti badani odam dar jarayoni inkishof va faoliya­ti hayoti on; anatomiya, embriologiya va gistologiyai odamro dar bar megirad. 2) Yak fasli antropologiya ast, ki khususiyathoi azoi badani odamro vobasta ba jinsu sin, najodu joi istiqomat, qadu bast va kasbu kor meomuzad. Metodhoi tadqiqoti morfologi dar antropologiyai etni va omuzishi antropogenez istifoda meshavand. Be malumothoi morfologi darajai monandi va farqi yak najodi odamro az digar, tarikhi tashakkuli onhoro durust muayyan kardan va munosibathoi insoni hozirazamonro ba ajdodoni guzashta aniq muqarrar namudan mumkin nest. Morfologiyai odam ba du qism judo meshavad: merologiya yo antropologiyai anatomi va somatologiya. Merologiya tagyiroti juzi va robitai uzvu boftahoi judogona (pushishi badan, qismhoi berunii uzvhoi his, uzvhoi darun, dandon, ragho, mushakho, skelet, magzi cap va g.), somatologiya boshad, tagyiryobandagi va vobastagii alomathoi sokhti tamomi badani odami zinda (andozayu massai badan, shakli berunii qismhoi alohidai badan, alomathoi jinsi, baze khosiyathoi khun va g.)-ro meomuzad. Solhoi 1960—70 khususiyathoi morfologii odam vobas­ta ba sinnu sol (makhsusan ba munosibati pesh omadani masalahoe, ki ba akselerasiya oidand) mavridi tadqiqu tahqiqi hamajihata qaror girift. Dar ayni zamon aloqai khu­susiyathoi morfologi bo jihathoi biokhimiyavi, fiziologi va endokrinologi, genetikai makhsusiyathoi mor­fologi, tasiri omilhoi beruna ba morfotii odam niz vase omukhta meshavand. Malumothoi morfologi dar antropologiya va ergonomika, mas., ba yak andozai muayyan ovardani yagon chiz, tartib dodani kolnoi ka­du bar va g. istifoda meshavad.