MORChUBA

MORChUBA, sarsabil (Aspara­gus), jinsi rastanihoi bisyorsolaest az oilai zanbaqiho. Poyai sershokh, bargi pulakchashakl, guli maydai zangulashakli bargash sabzcha yo zardtob, asosan judojinsa, guraki sepalla, gujummevai mudavvari surkh dorad. Ziyoda az 300 namudi Morchuba dar nohiyahoi garmseri Evropa, Osiyo, Afri­ka, Avstra­liya meruyad. Morchuba makhsusan dar qismi janubu tropikai Af­rika, kishvarhoi bahri Miyonazamin, Osi­yoi Miyona va Hinduston bisyor ast. Dar SSSR qismi evropoi, Kavkaz, Osiyoi Miyona, Sibiri Garbi) 30 na­mudi khudruy Morchuba mesabzad. Dar Tojikiston 8 namudi khudruy (A. regsicus, A. bucharicus, A. neglectus, A. kamaravianus, A. ferganensis, A. tonoclados, A. brachypliyllus, A. gypsaceus (nig. rasm) va 1 namudi mazrui Morchuba (A. officinalis) malum ast. Makh­susan yak namudi Morchuba (A. persicus) dar aksari rayonhoi respublika vomekhurad.

Morchuba dar tibbi khalqi chun pozahr istifoda meshavad. Morchubai dorui (A. officinalis)-ro dar yak qator kishvarho misli sabzavot va chun giyohi dorui parvarish mekunand. Navrustai Morchubai mazruro mekhurand; 2% safeda, 2,4% aninkhitob, vitaminhoi (ba hisobi mg°/o) S (to 40), V| (0,19), V₂ (0,14), RR (1) va karotin (provitamini A; 1,3) dorad. Reshapoyaashro jushonda, zirbonda yo ochoronida istifoda mebarand.

Morchubaro az kuchat va reshapoya ziyod me­kunand. Poyai Morchuba zud rushd namu­da, 120—150 sm qad mekashad va ser­shokh meshavad. Morchubai mazru khelhoi gunogun dorad. Baze namudhoi Morchuba (mas., A. sprengeri, A. plumosus) bobi oroishand va dar khonayu gulkhonaho parvarish meyoband.

Ad.: Flora Tadjikskoy SSR, t, 2, M.— L., 1903; Inateva A. I., Ovoshnie rasteniya zemnogo shara, Minsk, 1906.

S. Yu. Yunusov, M