METONIMIYa

METONIMIYa (yun. metonymia — tabdili nom, nom digar kardan), yake az vositahoi badei, ivazi kalima yo mafhume ba kalimai digar,

ki bo on az yagon jihat aloqamand ast. Metonomiya dar zaminai hamhududii predmetho tavassuti umumiyathoi masohati, masofagi va fosilavi, zarfiyat hamchunin qarobati mantiqiyu shaklii mafhumho ba vuqu meoyad. Metonomiya yak navi majoz — navozi mursal buda, ba khususiyathoi sermanoii kalimahoi zabon va funksiyai gunoguni onho dar nutqi khatti va guftugui asos meyobad. Dar ilmi balogati klassiki navhoi majozi mursal az qabili «zikri zarf — irodai mazruf», «zikri mazruf — irodai zarf», «zikri umum — irodai khusus», «zikri khusus — irodai umum», «zikri kul — irodai juz» va g. (25—30 adad) vujud dorand. Mas., dar ifodai — «Khele bamaza budaast, may boz yak kosai digar mekhuram», kalimai «kosa» du mafhum — khurok va zarfro ifoda mekunad. Misolho doir ba namudhoi M.: 1) Nomi manzilu makon, istiqomatgohho ba ahli onho meguzarad; In voqea deharo ba po khezonda bud. Uro auditoriya khomushona peshvoz girift. 2) Bo yak mafhum bazan ham jamomadu chorabiniho va ham ishtirokchiyoni onhoro dar nazar dorand; Chun shohzoda in sukhan tamom kard, figon az majlis baromad. Konferensiya qaror qabul kard. 3) Bo zikri nomi muallif asari u dar nazar doshta meshavad; In kalima dar Firdavsi vomekhurad. Bayni M. va tashbeh niz qarobate ba nazar merasad, vale dar M. adoti tashbeh istifoda nameshavad.

Ad.: Akhmanova O. S., Slovar lingvisticheskikh terminov, M., 1966; Kvyatkovskiy A. P., Poeticheskiy slovar, M., 1966; Muminov A., Polisemiya v tadjikskom yazike, AKD., D., 1972; Zekhni T., Sanati sukhan, D., 1979.

A. Rustamov.