MEKhANIKAI MUHITI YaKLUKhT

MEKhANIKAI MUHITI YaKLUKhT, yak fasli mekhanika buda, harakat va holati muvozinati gaz, moe va jismhoi sakhti deformasiyashavandaro meomuzad. M. m. ya. az qismhoi zorii iborat ast: gidroaeromekhanika, dinamikai gaz, nazariyai elastiki, nazariyai plastiki va g. Dar M. m. ya. sokhti molekulavi yo atomii modda ba nazar girifta nameshavad. Dar on modda chun muhiti befosilai yaklukhte donista meshavad, ki hamai khosiyathoi fizikiash (zichi, shiddat, surati zarraho va g.) dar muhit befosila taqsim shudaand. Durustii in farziya dar on ast, ki andozahoi molekulahoi muhit nazar ba andozahoi zarrahoe, ki dar nazariya va amaliyai M. m. ya. muoina meshavand, khele khurd meboshand. Az in ru, dar M. m. ya. apparati matematikai oliro, ki baroi funksiyahoi befosila tahiya shudaast, tatbiq kardan mumkin ast. M. m. ya. baroi tadqiqi muhiti dilkhoh asosan az: 1) muodilahoi harakat yo muvozpnati muhit (ki chun natijai qonunhoi asosii mekhanika barmeoyand); 2) muodilai befosilagi (yaklukhti)-i muhit (ki natijai qonuni baqoi massa meboshad); 3) muodilai energiya istifoda mebarad. Khususiyathoi har yak muhiti konkretiro bo muodilahoi holat yo bo muodilahoe, ki baroi vobastagii bayni shiddat va deformasiya doda meshavand, aniq kardan mumkin ast. Agar khosiyathoi muhit ba harorat, fishor va digar parametrhoi fizikiyu khimiyavi vobasta boshand, in vobastagiho ba muodilahoi ilovagi muqarrar karda meshavand. Bar zammi in baroi halli muodilahoi holati har yak muhiti alohida sharthoi kanori boyad guzosht, ki onho ba khususiyathoi muhit vobasta meboshand. Natijahoi M. m. ya. dar sohahoi gunoguni fizika va tekhnika ba kor meoyand.