QABILA

QABILA (ar      —qavm, toifa), yak nav umumiyati etniki va tashkiloti ijtimoii jamiyati tosinfiro guyand. Alomathoyash munosibathoi avlodiyu khunii bayniazoyoni on, taqsimi Q. ba avlodu fratriya (shakli tashkiloti ijtimoi dar Yunoni Qadim), umumiyati territoriya, baze unsurhoi khojagi, zaboni yagona (sheva), khudshinosii qabilavi, urfu odati muayyan va g. meboshad.

Q-hoi davrai mutaakhkhir khudidorakunni qabilavi (shuroi qabilavi, peshvoyoni harbiyu grajdani) dorad. Ittifoqi Q.-ho va omekhtashavii onho baroi ba vujud omadani umumiyati buzurgtare nisbat ba Q— khalqiyat musoidat kard. Q. bazan dar jamiyati sinfi, dar doirai munosibathoi gulomdori, feodali va hatto kapitalisti (Q.-hoi kuchmanchii arab, tuaregho, kurdho, afgonho va g.) mushohida meshavad.