«KhAMSA»

«KhAMSA» (arabi — panj, panjgona), panj dostoni alohidai yak adibro guyand, ki dar yak mujallad gird ovarda shudaand. Ananai «khamsa»-gui nakhustin marotiba dar adabiyoti fors-tojik paydo shuda, badi asrhoi 13—14 dar adabiyoti digar khalqhoi Mashriqzamin jori gardidaast. Dar tarikhi adabiyoti fors-tojik shakhsi nomalume panj dostoni Nizomii Ganjaviro dar yak jild gird ovarda, ba onho nomi umumii «khamsa»-ro nihodaast va ba hamin sabab Nizomiro poyaguzori maktabi «khamsa»-nigori medonand. Dar javobi «khamsa»-i Nizomi avvalin bor shoiri fors-tojik Amir Husayni Guri (vafot 1318) «khamsa» navishtaast. Ammo dar jodai «khamsa»-saroi Khusravi Dehlavi muvaffaqiyati buzurgi ejodiro noil shudaast.Badi Nizomi, Guri va Khusrav shoironi bisyore az qabili Khojui Kirmoni, Ashraf, Jomi, Abdibeki Sherozi, Sarfii Kaismiri, Zamonii Yazdi, Nomii Isfahoni, Husayni Qazvini va digaron ananai «khamsa»-saroiro ravnaq dodaand.
Dostonhoi javobiya, mamulan dar doirai vaznu mavzui mufrad ofarida shavand ham, az lihozi khajmu halli masala, shumorai obrazu qahramonon, vasoiti tasvir, khatti syujetu fabula, zabonu tarzi bayon va jihathoi digari goyaviyu badei dar poyahoi gunogun meistand. Masalan, Khojui Kirmoni dar nomguzoriyu intikhobi mavzu va tafsiri badeii mazmunkhoi «khamsa»-ash usuli navero pesh giriftaast. Ayudurrahmoni Jomi boshad shumorai dostonhoi «khamsa» ro ba 7 rasonidaast. Adiboni turku ozar, turkmanu uygur, kurdu arman, pushtuyu urdu, panjobi, arabu hindu va gurji niz dar intishoru
inkishofi « khamsa»-nigori hissa guzashtaand. Makhsusan dar adabyyoti turkzabon in chiz beshtar mushohida meshavad. Namunai on «khamsa»-i Alisheri Navoi meboshad. A. Rahmonov.