«PROLETARIYa», 1) gazetai gayrilegalii harhaftainai bolsheviki, organi markazii RSDRP. Gazeta muvofiqi qarori Sezdi 3-yumi RSDRP (1905) tashkil shudaast. On az 14 (27) may to 12 (25) noyabri soli 1905 dar Jeneva hamagi 26 shumora nashr gardid. Muharriri masuli gazeta V. I. Lenin bud. Ba hayati tahririyai gazeta V. V. Borovskiy, A. V. Lunacharskiy, M. S. Olminskiy Dokhil budand. N. K. Krupskaya, V. M. Velichkina, V. A. Karpinskiy, N. F. Nasimovich,,I. A. Teodorovich, L. A. Fotieva dar kori redaksiya ishtirok doshtand. «Proletariya» rohi «Iskra»-i leniniro davom doda, muttasilii gazetai bolshevikii «Vperyod»-ro nigoh dosht. Dar «Proletariya» qarib 90 khabaru maqolahoi V. I. Lenin, inchunin materialhoi Sezdi 3-yumi RSDRP darj yoftaand. Tiraji gazeta ba 10 hazor nuskha rasida bud. 2) Gazetai gayrilegalii bolsheviki — dar amal organi makazii bolshevikon. Az 21 avgust (3 sentyabr) 1906 to 28 noyabr (11 dekabr) 1909 hamagi 50 shumora (shumorahoi 1 to 20 dar Viborg, 21 to 40 dar Jeneva, 41 to 50 dar Parij) nashr gardid. Shumorahoi 1—2 «Proletariya» hamchun organi komitethoi RSDRP-i Moskva, Peterburg va (az shumorahoi 3—4) okrugi Moskva, shumorahoi 5—11 organi komitethoi RODRP- i Moskva, Peterburg, okrugi Moskva, komitethoi Kursk, Perm va (az shumorahoi 12—20) Qazon va az shumorahoi 21—50 chun organi Komiteti RSDRP-i Peterburgu Moskva nashr meshud. Dar solhoi 1906—08 «Proletariya» mohe 1—2 marotiba (shumorahoi 21—28 har hafta), dar soli 1909 nomuntazam nashr meshud. Tiraji baze shumorahoi «Proletariya» ba 10 hazor nuskha merasid. V. I. Lenin muqarriri gazeta bud. Dar «Proletariya» beshtar az 125 khabaru maqolahoi V. I. Lenin, hisobot dar borai faoliyati KM RSDRP, qarorhoi konferensiya va plenumhoi KM, maktubhoi KM oid ba masalahoi gunoguni kori partiyavi, khabaru maqolahoi mahalli chop shudaand. Nashri gazeta muvofiqi qarori Plenumi yanvarii KM RSDRP 10 yanvari soli 1910 qat gardid.
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SADUDDINI HAMMUI Muhammad ibni Juvayni
SADUDDINI HAMMUI Muhammad ibni Juvayni (soli tavallud nomalum — Vafot 1252), yake az namoyandagoni mashhuri …