FUZARIOZI PAKhTA,

FUZARIOZI PAKhTA, yak nav kasalii niholi pakhtaro guyand, ki zanburugi jinsi Gusarium ba vuchud meovarad. Dar SSSR in kasaliro bori avval dar niholi pakhtai mahiniakhi rayoni Khujand (1938), bad Qurgonteppai Tojikiston va viloyati Surkhandaryoi Uzbekiston (1940) oshkor kardaand. On vaqtho aksari navhoi pakhtai (mahinnakh (35—1,23, 2IZ va gayra) ba in kasali tobovar nabudaand. Soli 1965 khojagihoi pakhtakor navhoi ba kasali tobovari pakhta (5595-V, 6465-V, 624943 va gayra)-ro kishtand va tadbirhoi samarabakhshi agrotekhnikivu muhofizati andeshidand; dar natija kasali 2,5—3 marotiba kam shud. Alhol pakhtazori faqat baze «khojagigho (rayonhoi Shahrtuz, Kolkhozobod, Vakhsh va Khujand) ba fuzarioz giriftor megardad.

Bahori baze solho az fuzarioz qarib 50—60%-i niholhoi pakhta nobud meshavand. Agar kasali dar davrai shonabandii niholho sar zanad, on goh 20—25%-i niholho talaf meshavand; rushdu inkishofi niholhoi kasal sust shuda, onho hamagi 2—3 guzai noras mebandand. Agar fuzariozi pakhta dar davrai gul va dertar paydo shavad, on goh nihol khushk meshavad, shona, gul va gurak merezad, kurak khom va nimkushod memonad. Kuraki niholhoi kasal andaryak 36,7—5°1,8% kam va vazni nakhi yak guza az 14,7% to 34u2% sabuk meshavad.
Angezandai fuzariozi pakhta shakli makhsusi zanburugi Gusarium okhusporum f. fasinfectum buda, dar khok mesabzad. Zanburug az zamin ba boftahoi rastani medaroyad. Mahsuli mubodilai moddahoe, ki reshai zanburug judo mekunad, dar rastani gun shuda, tavassuti ob ba boftaho dokhil meshavad va ba kasali musoidat mekunad. Hangomi az zanburughoi Gusarium oseb didani guza pust va punbai on mepusad. Dar pust va nakhi guza moddahoi durushti safed, gulobi va surkhi mummonand hosil meshavad. Az rui in moddahoi mummonand fuzariozro az pusishi gulobi (gard hosil meshavad) farq mekunand. Bisyor namudhoi Gusarium (alalkhusus zanbururhoi G. Udum G. en okhusporum va gayra) angezandai fuaariozi guzaand.
Adabiyot: Golovin L. N., Bolezni khlopchatnika, Tashkent, 1953; (Menlikiev M. Ya., Fuzarioznos uvyadanie khlopchatnika, Dushanbe, 1976.M. Ya. Menlikiev.