EROZIYaI KhOK

EROZIYaI KhOK, eroziyai zamin, obshustashavii khok, az obu bod vayron shudani khokro guyand. Obshustashavii khok dar nishebihoe, ki obhoi boron yo barf jori meshavand, ba amal meoyad. E. kh. sathi (sathi khok nisbatan yak bel obshuy meshavad), ravon (obburdahoi na chandon chuqur ba amal meoyand va onhoro hangomi kishtu kori zamin ba osoni bartaraf kardan mumkin) va chuqur (khoku jinshoi kuhiro seloba meshuyad) meshavad. Bodkhurdashavii khok yo deflyasiya dar har guna relefi zamin, az on jumla dar zamini hamvor niz ruy medihad. Bodkhurdashavii khok doimi (shamoli sust zarrahoi khokro ba havo bardoshta, ba joyhoi digar mebarad) va davri—khokbod (shamoli sakht khoki  sathi zaminro bazan yakjoya bo kishti ba havo bardoshta, ba masofahoi dur mebarad) meshavad.

Dar SSSR muboriza ba muqobili E. kh. yake az vazifahoi muhimtarini davlati dar inkishofi kh. q. meboshad. Baroi halli on majmui tadbirhoi ziddierozii agrotekhniki, meliorativi, gidrotekhniki va khojagi meandeshand. Tadbirhoi agrotekhniki — kishtukori qitaho, kishti kundalangi nishebiho, shudgori chuqur (ziyoda az 22 sm), shudgori takror (badi 2—3 sol), shudgor va narm kardani khok ba tanzimi obi barfu boron musoidat namuda, obshustashavii khokro khele kam mekunad. Dar nohiyahoe, ki bodkhurdashavii khok beshtar ruy medihad, sathi zaminro bo kultivatorho narm mekunand, ki dar natija surati bodkhurdashavii khok sust shuda, nami zakhira megardad. Dar tamomi nohiyahoe, ki E. kh. mushohida meshavad, kishtgardoni muhofizi khok, inchunin kishti ziroati qadbalandi kh. q. ahamiyati kalon dorad. Tadbirhoi meliorativi (beshazori muhofiz) va gidrotekhniki (dar nishebihoi rost bunyod kardani zinabog) niz samarabakhshand.