«EHYO-UT-TIB»

 «EHYO-UT-TIB» «Ehyo-ut-tibbi Subhoni», asarest oid ba masalahoi tibbi amali va shinokhtanu istifodai navhoi doru; Subhonquli Muhammad ba tojiki talif namudaast. «E.» az muqaddima va hasht bob (har bob az chor fasl) iborat ast. Muqaddima oid ba haddi tib va mavzui on, doir ba arkon (chor modda, yane khok, ob, havo, otash), mizoji mutadil, mizoji andomho, hifzn sihhat, tadbiri faslhoi sol, tadbiri shahr, khona va maskan, tadbiri joma (libos) pushidan va tadbiri sizoyu umri mardum bahs mekunad. Dar bayoni haddi tib va mavzui on muallif tibro ilme nomidaast, ki «…tabib bar on ilm dar holi tani mardum nigoh kunad va tandurusti bar vay nigah dorad va agar bemor gardad ba holi sihhat boz orad…». Bobi avval ba adviyai mufrada (sohha) yak nafu zarari onho, saragi va nosaragii (pastsifatii) adviya, vaznho, shinokhtani adviyai murakkab, tarzi omekhtani adviya va s. oid ast. Dar in bob adviyai mufradai naboty, mas, ozordiya (kuchula), khardal, dulba, ozonulgor (marzangush), arruvon, anchudon, ashdodul (shadodul), ustukhudus (rayhoni rumi), sunbul, isfanokh, sim-sim (kunjid), ushna, ushnoy, aqoqiyo, andibar, bobuna, bustonafruz (guli toji khurus), bunafsha, badman, subayro (sanjid), unnob (chelon), sumok, (tutum), dino, darmal (hazorispand) va g., hayvoni az qabili asal, tukhm, shir, ravgan, ustukhon, peshob, pust, mayna, gusht, baze uzvho va inchunin madani — tanakor, zabarchad, zumzgrrad, surma, tald, gaj, aqiq, firuza, qahrabo, marvorid, almos, tutiyo va g. tafsir yoftaand. Dar bobi mazkur oid ba tarzi khushkonidani nabotot, giriftani shirai rastaniho, gun kardanu kuftani madanho, dure sokhtan, tariqi nigoh doshtani adviya niz sukhan meravad. Bobi duyum oid ba taryokho, aqros (qursi afi, avsul va g.), adviyai majun (mas., majunhoi aqrab, ustukhudus, pudina, majuni Jolinus va g.), nushdoruho, davohoi mufarreh yo quvvatbakhshi dilu jigar (mas., dovulmushki shirin va talkh); bobi seyum doir ba ayorijot (adviyai musdil), guvorishot yo davohoi hozim (mas., guvorishoti sumod, zanjabil, taboshir, zira, mushk, kofur, anchudon, dorchin va g.), qursho (qurshoi kavkab, kofur, gul, afsangin, ud, kundur, khash-khosh, gulnor, qahrabo, sunbul va g.); bobi chorum oid ba tariqi tayyor kardani sufufot yo adviyai sudda (sufufhoi taboshir, qoqula, halima, zirishk, savrinjon va g,) murabboyot (murabbohoi gulshakar, bunafsha, halila, sir, zanjabil, kadu, hinduvona, bodom, norjil va g.) sikanjabinot (sikanjabinhoi limu, hindi, rumoli va g.), ashriba (sharbathoi anori shirin, seb, anjibar, equt, sharobhoi olu, khashkhosh, revoj, zufo, anjir, bunafsha, nilufar, tut, pudina va g.); bobi panjum doir ba matbukhot (adviyai pukhta, mas., matbukhi halila, shohtara, savrinjon va g.), nuquot (davohoi dar ob tarkarda), luquot (adviyae, ki furu barand, mas., luuqi zufo, khashkhosh, dulba, bodom, jalguza va g.) habi mushil va gayrimushil (mas., habi shohtara, shabyor, Sahrami) va g.; bobi shashum oid ba suutot (davoe, ki dar bini chakonand), atusot (adviyai atsaovar), nutulot (chizhoe, ki ba cap rezand), qaturot (adviyai qatragi), shumumot (davohoi buish), buhurot (adviyai dudkunanda), lutukhot (adviyai molidani), sununot (davohoi dandon), zimohho (davoe, ki kufta atola karda bandand), huqna, fatila, muqayot (davohoi qayovar) va g.; bobi haftum doir ba kuhl (surma), burudot, marohim (marhamhoi zangor, surkh, siyoh, misri, kofur, marhami bavosir, saraton), duhniyot (mas., ravgani simsim, savrinjoi, bedanjir, lola, zafaron, turo, dino, guli bodom va g.), komi bemoriho va gizoe, ki muvofiqi har zaf boshad; bobi hashtum ba adviyai varam va busuroti garm va sard (davoi toun, varami shush, davoi dunbal, khorish, dubo, Saraton va g.), davohoi dabr (ustukhonbandi) va zinat (davoi shikasti ustukhon va jarohati on, davoe, ki muyro daroz kunad, davoe, ki ruyro naku sozad va g.), pozahrho va g. bahs mekunad. Hangomi bayoni adviyai mufrada avval nom (ba tariqi alifoo), bad tabiat va soni ahamiyati on omadaast. Baze davoho bo arabi, forsi, turki, hindi, inchunin nomi mahalliashon bayon gashtaand. Mas, gufta shudaast, ki «sus, ba forsi mahak va dar urf susi shirin guyand, manfiat dar bekh va usorai on buvad, tabiati u garm va khushk buvad…, guyand shiraash sard ast, dardi digarro nofe buvad…, jihati bui bagal va araq susi tozaro istemol kunand sud dihad». Dar kitob ahamiyat, tarzi tayyor kardanu istifodai aksar davoho sharh yoftaand. Dar qatori davohoi gunogui muallif bisyor khurdaniyu nushidaniho va tariqi tayyor kardani onhoro sharh medihad, ki baroi muolijai in yo on bemori mufidand. Gayr az in dar «E.» yak qator bemoriho sharh yoftaand, mas., sudo—dardi tamomi cap; dardi shadidi — dardi nimi cap; lahva — qad shudani nimai ruy va nimai dahon; rasha — larzidani dastu poy beiroda; nokhuna — raghoi surkh va safed, ki az gushai chashm berun oyand; sabal —raghoi purkhun buvad dar chashm va g.

Yak nuskhai dastnavisi asar (514 varaq), ki onro s. 1102 hijri (1691 milodi) Khoja Insof kitobat kardaast, dar kitobkhonai Sarredaksiyai ilmii Ensiklopediyai Sovetii Tojik (raqami 62) va nuskhai digari on (301 varaq), ki onro s. 1248 hijri (1832 milodi) Abdulloi kotib kitobat kardaast, dar foidi dastkhathoi In-ti sharqshinosii AF PSS Uzb. (raqami 2101) mahfuz meboshad.

Ad.: Hikmati asrho, D,, 1975.

1. Toshev.