Davlati Oshur

Oshur davlati qadimest dar hududi hozirai Iroq. Dar miyonai hazorai 2 to milod shahri Oshur va mulkhoi on markazi Oshur shud. Mashguliyati aso­sii aholi chorvodori va dehqoni bud. Zakhirahoi jangal, sang, fuluzot ba taraqqiyoti hunarmandi musoidagg mekardand. Oshur az rui mavqei geografi vasilai savdoi bayni Baynannahrayn va Osiyoi Khurd bud. Oshurro asri 18 to milod Bobuliston, dar asrhoi 16—15 to milod. Mittani zabt kardand.

Vale shohi Oshur Oshurballit (okhiri asri 15 — avvli asri 14 to milod) istiqloliyat ba dast ovarda, Bobulistonro ba khud tobe kard. Asrhoi 16—13 davrai hukmronii padarshohi bud va hamon vaqtho ba tabaqaho judoshavii aho- li cap shud. Dar natijai janghoi istilogaronai asrhoi 14—13 to milod dar Oshur shumorai gulomon afzud. Oshur okhiri asri 12 — avvali asri 11 to milod dar Bobulis­ton, Suriyai Shimoli, Finidiya bomuvaffaqiyat jangida, ba pushtakuhi Armaniston tokhtutozho kard. Vale dar natijai harakati qabilahoi oromiho sust va ba qismho chudo shud.

Shohoni Oshur asrhoi 10—9 to milod niz ba mudobili Bobuliston, Urar­tu, Mod, Suriya janghoi istilogarona kardand. Dar natijai jangdo khojagii qishloq kharob gardida, buhroni ijtimoiyu siyosi ba amal omad. Dar mamlakat nizohoi dokhili cap zada, dar natijai jangi seyumi grajdani Tiglatpalasari III podshoh shud (745— 727 to milod). U islohoti davlati guzaronida, muhojirati ommavii qabi­lahoi tobero ba qonun darovard, huquqi voliyonro mahdud namuda, armiyai muntazam tashkil kard. Dar ahdi u janghoi istilogarona boz avj giriftand.

Oshur dar zarfi 100 sol qarib khamai Osiyoi Pesh va Misrro zabt karda, ba davlati tavono tabdil yoft. Ziddiyatu nizohoi dokhili, muborizai ozodikhohonai khalqhoi to­be davlati Oshurro sust kardand. Jangi Oshurbonipal (669 — tadrijan 633 to milod) ba mudobili Bobuliston va ittifodqchiyoni on Oshurro zaif kard. Badi jangi darozmuddat soli 605 to milod Oshur az Bobuliston va Mod shikaet khurd va parokanda gardid. Aholi bo oromihoi Baynannahrayn omekhta shud.