BONN

BONN (Vonn), shahr dar Olmoni Garbi (muzofoti Reyn- Vestfaliya), dar sohili daryoi Reyn. Aholiash 324899 nafar (2010; bo aholii shahrhoi Kyoln va Leverkuzen ziyoda az 3 mln nafar). Markazi naqliyoti, dar hayati sistemai rohi ohani balandsurati umumiavrupoi ast. Bandari daryoi va aeroporti baynalmilali dorad. Dar asri 1 to milod dar joyi istehkomi harbii legioneroni rumi (Kastra Bonneziya) bunyod shudaast. Az soli 1244 shahr. Az soli 1815 dar hayati Prussiya. Solhoi 1949-91 poytakhti JFO bud. Bonn markazi mamuriyu siyosii muhim asg. Badi ba Berlin kuchidani poytakhti Olmoni muttahidshuda dar Bonn yak qator vazoratho va digar maqomoti olii federali, sozmonhoi baynalmilali, saforatkhonaho, konsulgarii bisyor davlatho, namoyandagihoi VAO boqi mondand. Dar Bonn korkhonahoi nassoji, elektrotekhniki, fabrikahoi istehsoli mebel baroi idoraho, mavoddi kanselyari va dastgohhoi tabu nashr faoliyat dorand. Soli 1990 Markazi ilmi-tahqiqotii avrupoii peshqadami «Sezar» tasis yoft. Dar Bonn khidmatrasonii moliyavi va sugurtavi vase rivoj yoftaast. Sayyohi niz taraqqi kardaast. Dar Bonn donishgoh (1777), akademiyai pedagogi, qarib 20 instituti tahqiqoti ilmi, teatrho, tolorhoi konsert, konservatoriya, osorkhonai badeii akademi dar nazdi donishgoh, osorkhonai bostonshinosi, tarikhi daqiq, Osorkhonai infirodii Lyud­vig van Betkhoven (dar Bonn tavallud shudaast) va bogi botaniki mavjud ast. Az yodgorhoi memori Kalisoi jomei romanii Sankt-Kassius-und-Florensius (asrhoi 12-13), Kalisoi gotii Sankt-Remigius (asrhoi 13-14) boqi mondaand. Bonn joyi barguzorii kongressho, anjumanho, namoishgohhoi baynalmilali ast. Dar Bonn festivalhoi baynalmilalii sanati teatri, festivali musiqii Betkhoven va festivali filmhoi beovoz barguzor meshavand.

Adabiyot: Novaya rossiyskaya ensiklopediya. T. 3 (1). Moskva, 2005.